188. Srurnaiita LUpovIcIANA. 
American Meadow-Starling. 
Three instances of the occurrence of this bird in England have been 
recorded—Mr. Sclater mentioning, in ‘The Ibis’ for 1861, one that 
had been shot at Thrandeston, in Suffolk, and another seen at South 
Walsham, in Norfolk, and Mr. Lloyd the third, in the ‘ Field’ for 
March 1871, as having been obtained near Cheltenham many years 
ago; this latter specimen was seen and verified by Mr. Harting. 
This species, like the preceding, being purely American, I have » 
not included a figure of it in my work. For all particulars respecting 
it, see the works of- Wilson and Audubon, and Mr. Sclater’s paper 
in ‘The Ibis’ above referred to. 
Family CORVIDA. 
The members of this family, comprising some of the very largest 
of the Insessorial birds, are distinguished by several characteristics, 
and are divided into many genera. The Crows, the Daws, the 
Rooks, and the Choughs may be regarded as the more typical forms, 
and the Jays, Pies, and Nutcrackers as the more aberrant; still they, 
with many other genera, are placed in this large and all but univer- 
sally spread family. 
Genus Corvus. 
One or other of the true Crows are dispersed over all parts of the 
elobe, with the exception of the southern portion of America, New 
Zealand, and Polynesia, where none are to be found. Structurally 
they are considered by many writers to be among the most perfectly 
formed birds which exist, their organization enabling them to fly 
through the air, perch on the branches of trees, and walk over the 
surface of the ground with equal facility, and the muscles of their 
throats permitting them to utter connected sentences scarcely equalled 
by the members of any other group of birds. 
189. Corvus coRAX. eer ae ne) oll IMO Ge Mls ILA, 
RAVEN. 
A resident species, generally dispersed over the three kingdoms— 
plentiful in the north, more scarce in the south, where its great size 
aud questionable habits procure it many enemies. Besides Britain, 
the northern portion of Europe, Asia, and America are countries 
which may include it in their avifaunas. 
190. Corvus conone . :.. . . « % » Nol ER 
Carrion-Crow. 
A resident species, generally diffused over the three kingdoms ; is 
also found in most parts of Europe. Jerdon, on the authority of 
