100 CICADAS; DOG-DAY OR HARVEST-FLIES. 
FAMILY CICADIDAE. 
(Cicadas; Dog-day or Harvest-fies). 
All the members of the large order of Hemiptera thus far 
considered were mute, but the Cicadidze have been famed in 
classic lands for their wondrous songs, which, by the way, shows 
that classic music was not well understood by the old Greeks. 
But not all classical writers were equally admirers of the song 
of these noisy insects, as Xenarchos says: ‘Happy is the cicada, 
since its wife has no voice.” But Xenarchos, notwithstanding 
his well sounding name, may have been an old and confirmed 
bachelor! Nearly all our species of Cicadas are large, and may 
be recognized by their heavy sub-conical bodies, wide, blunt head, 
Fic. 98.—Cicada tibicen Linn. Male and female. Original. 
with prominent eyes on the outer angles, bristle-shaped feelers, 
placed in a socket beneath a projection of the vertex, and three 
bead-like ocelli arranged in a triangle. Figs. 97 and 98 show 
the shape of these insects very well. The wing-covers, nearly 
elliptical, and longer than the body, are parchment-like and trans- 
parent, while the hind wings are membranous and very much 
smaller. 
But the most distinctive peculiarity, which has no parallel 
in any of the groups, appears in the organs of sound, only found 
in the males, the females not possessing them. ‘These consist 
