LEAF-HOPPERS. D7 
golden plover, the grasshopper-sparrow, black-birds, and a num- 
ber of other prairie-frequenting birds, all of which have suffered 
more or less from what has been termed civilized conditions; and 
secondly, domesticated birds, as turkeys, hens, ducks, etc. Until 
we can make up our minds to cease slaughtering these friends 
of ours, the destruction of our grasses will continue more and 
more year after year until even these, like our cultivated crops, 
will be so much under the influence of insect pests as to render 
the production of feed for stock uncertain. Why not, then, wake 
up and at once begin redeeming our lost grounds by assisting 
nature to gain its former equilibrium?” 
Remedies. As far as known there is no better remedy 
against the grass-destroying leaf-hoppers than hopper-dozers sim- 
ilar ‘to the ones used against grasshoppers or locusts. This cheap 
machine has been repeatedly described and illustrated in previ- 
Fic. 118—Hopper-dozer. After Smith. 
ous reports, and is again shown in Fig. 118. The pans are partly 
filled with water, upon which floats a small quantity of kerosene- 
oil, just sufficient to form a thick film. The insects coming in 
contact with this oil will perish. Of course it is necessary to 
modify the hopper-dozers in such a way as is required by local 
conditions, but the ingenuity of our farmer will soon overcome 
any defects in the old hopper-dozers, so as to fit them for the 
smaller insects to be captured. 
Different writers have divided the Jasside into two sub-fam- 
ilies; others have proposed as many as seven. The two sub- 
families can be distinguished as follows: 
A. Ocelli placed on the front rim of the vertex 
close to the eyes, or on the front, but 
never on the disk of the vertex......... I. Jassina. 
AA. Ocelli placed upon the vertex............ II. Tettigonina. 
