128 LEAF-HOPPERS. 
SUB-FAMILY JASSINA. 
Only a few of the more destructive species of Jassina, be- 
sides those shown in the illustrations on plates IV-VIII can be 
given. Hecalus lineatus Uhl., illustrated on one of the plates, is 
a common grass infesting leaf-hopper, but occurs also in the 
cranberry swamps. It is pale green, with four orange lines on 
the vertex, which are continued back upon the prothorax and 
scutellum. The wing-covers are opaque, with orange veins; the 
recurved costal margin is either white or pale yellow. 
Several species of the genus Athysanus, which feed upon the 
sap of grasses, are shown in the plates, as well as others belong- 
ing to the genus Phlepsius; they are shown as adults as well as 
in the immature stages. 
Tamnotettix clittelarius Say. (The Saddled Leaf-hopper). 
The above species, as may be seen in the illustration, Fig. 
119, is very peculiarly marked; it is dark brown or black, with 
a sulphur-yellow spot like a saddle upon the middle of its back; 
in front of this is a band of pale yellow; head and underside are 
also of this color. It is occasionally found in large numbers 
upon plum trees, where it punctures the stem of the fruit, suck- 
ing the fluids, and thus injuring them. It is, however, not com- 
mon enough to cause much injury. 
Cicadula exitiosa Uhler. (The Destructive Leaf-hopper). 
This insect was described in the Agricultural Report of 1879, 
where it was stated that in that year it caused much damage 
to winter grain in some Southern States, but as it occurs in our 
state as well, it will be well to repeat the description given, so 
that it may be recognized. 
“Tt is a small, active, brownish insect, which measures with 
its wings folded about 5mm. (0.2 inch) in length. Its general 
form is well indicated by the enlarged figure, Fig. 120. It is 
very quick, a good flyer, and a great jumper. It injures grass 
or grain by piercing the midrib of the leaf and sucking the 
juices from it. Upon the plantation where I studied this insect, 
there was observable a most exact line between the eaten and 
the uneaten portions of the wheat field. Instead of spreading 
themselves over the field indiscriminately, or half eating a patch 
here and there, the leaf-hoppers ate the wheat down to the ground 
