132 LEAF-HOPPERS. 
housed plants. Their numerous cast skins may be seen adhering 
to the lower sides of the leaves. They pair and lay their eggs 
about the middle of June, and they probably live through the 
winter in the perfect state, concealed under fallen leaves and rub- 
bish on the ground.” (Harris). The same insect is also found 
on the apple. 
Typhlocyba vitis Harr. et al. (The Grape-vine Leaf-hoppers). 
This destructive leaf-hopper, infesting both grape-vine and 
Virginia creeper, frequently but wrongly called “Thrips,” has 
been described and illustrated in a former report, now out of 
print. The account given there is repeated. 
For a number of years the above insects have been more 
numerous than usual and have caused considerable annoyance 
and losses, and as they still seem to be on the increase, it was 
considered important to discover methods and means to prevent 
their increasing injuries. Not only have our grape-vines suf- 
fered greatly, but the beautiful Virginia creepers, so often utilized 
to adorn houses in and about the cities, have also been more 
or less injured by these leaf-hoppers. A glance at Fig. 124, 
Plate IX, reveals how a grape-vine leaf is disfigured by the numer- 
ous insects seen resting on its under side; here are also shown 
other white objects, the characteristic empty pupal skins. A 
leaf infested with these insects has a mottled appearance, and 
in course of time becomes yellow, brown, and eventually drops 
off. The larger illustrations show a larva, pupa, and two differ- 
ent adults. 
Early in the season the vine-yards in the vicinity of Lake 
Minnetonka were reported to be suffering again from these in- 
sects, and a number of experiments were made by the assistant 
entomologist to discover remedies. 
As most persons growing grape-vines know from sad ex- 
perience how these insects look, it is not necessary to describe 
them in detail; the illustrations show their general appearance 
much better than words could express it. Four different species 
were found, all about the same size and shape, only varying in 
markings. The most common ones were the two species illus- 
trated, of which one is Typhlocyba vulneata Fitch, and the other 
one T. comes Say. The former is a reddish-brown insect marked 
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