234 s SCALE-INSECTS, BARK-LICE, MEALY-BUGS. 
2.—lf the insect is found to be confined to a few trees these had 
better be taken out and destroyed, unless the infection is 
so slight that all scales can actually be removed with a stiff 
brush. No half way measures will suffice. 
3.—No fruit grower should admit a single young fruit tree or 
a single cutting or a single bud from a distance into his 
orchard without first carefully examining it and satisfy- 
ing himself absolutely that it does not carry a single speci- 
men of this scale. 
4.—Buy trees only from responsible nurserymen, best from your 
own state, and only when you feel quite certain that they 
sell plants not infested by this scale. 
5.—Infested stock is most likely to come from eastern or south- 
ern states where the scale abounds. 
6.—Avoid nurserymen that do not themselves grow the plants 
they sell. The scales that found their way into Minnesota 
were all bought outside the state, not from nurserymen, but 
from dealers in nursery stock. 
7.—Have quarantine regulations established by the state.” 
Since the above was written the insect has spread over many 
regions, and is now found in very many states, but as far as 
known not in Minnesota. Meanwhile entomologists and fruit- 
growers have become more familiar with it, and numerous 
methods of fighting or reducing it to almost harmless numbers 
have been discovered. Yet it is a most dangerous pest, and we 
can not be too careful in keeping it out of the state. In a‘recent 
circular issued by the Division of Entomology, Department of 
Agriculture, Marlatt says that the San Jose scale has become a 
permanent factor in fruit-growing, that it is so widely dissem- 
inated, and has become so firmly established, that its extermina- 
tion is now in most cases out of the question. Extermination 
is possible only where the scale is detected at the very outset on 
new or recently planted nursery stock. He gives a number of 
treatments, the best of which seems the kerosene treatment, con- 
sisting in spraying the trees with ordinary kerosene oil at any 
time during the winter. ° 
