30 
Mr. TayLor.—As soon as they begin to do damage the sap that oozes out will forn» 
a gum around the tree, and then you may be sure there is something wrong about it, and 
the more gum there is the greater the damage, because it shows the tree has been more: 
severely injured—the first little indication shows that there is something wrong. If you 
find a little hole trace it right down with the point of a knife. 
The SzecreTary.— With regard to the borer, I think the best way is to:’keep him 
out altogether. It is a great deal of trouble to go over a peach orchard and hunt out the: 
borer after the breeding season. I think most of the gentlemen present are aware that 
the moth deposits the eggs in the months of June, July and August, and that the egg is. 
deposited about the surface of the ground, in order that the grub may find its way into. 
the root, which is the tender part, and where it most delights to live and work its mis- 
chief, Now, if we can prevent the moth from reaching that part of the tree we shall 
save the tree and save ourselves considerable hunting for the grub, and even when we do. 
hunt they sometimes escape us. I have found it the simplest and easiest plan to put a 
bank of earth around the trees, which can be done by a man with a spade very rapidly. 
By doing this about the first of June or earlier the moth is entirely beaten. If the egg 
is deposited in the dry bark of the peach tree higher up it will do little or no injury. 1 
have had very little trouble with the burer since I adopted this method. 
Mr. F. W. Wizson.— Would that work all right with apple trees too ? 
The SEcrETARY.—No, because the borer can work anywhere in the apple tree. 
A Memper.—Is not the effect of heaping the earth around the tree in the way yow 
describe, to make the bark tender, and will not the grub be able to work on it there 
The SecreTary.—I have never found it work in that way. 
Mr. Caston.—How would it do to wash the tree with some alkaline solution? I do 
not know how it would work with peach trees, but it is a very effective remedy with the: 
borer in apple trees. 
Mr. McMicuarut.—I had a three-acre orchard of Northern Spy apples banked 
around, and in the spring the frost or rain had made a little trough, and I nearly lost. 
some trees ; they turned black in spots. 
The Secrerary.—If the mound of earth is put closely around the tree and packed 
close to the trunk I think it would shed the water. [ do not think you could have had 
it packed closely. 
Mr. Taytor.—I would like to say something about that banking up, because we have 
practised it. You take a peach tree in its second or third year, it has quite a top, with 
pretty heavy foliage, and a tree that is banked up will sway in the wind until at last it 
makes a little cavity around the trunk which forms a very nice place for water or any- 
thing of that kind to lodge in, and necessitates re-banking before the ground is frozen. 
We have had our trees barked at the bottom from swaying against the frozen ground. 
We have also had that cavity filled up with water running down the tree, when ice 
would form there; and many of our growers find there is considerable risk in banking 
peach trees if they allow the banking to stand during the fall and winter. If the borers. 
are looked after during the summer months, and kept out until the tree gets large and 
the bark hard, there is not much difficuity after that in keeping them out; they don't 
have much effect on a tree eight or ten years old. It is while the tree is young that. 
there is trouble in keeping them off. 
The Presipent.—Mr. Woolverton’s plan is to bank in the spring, and that obviates. 
the difficulty with frost in the winter. 
QUESTIONS ON PEACH CULTURE. 
(1) What list of six kinds pay best in the county of Essex ! 
Mr, Mircue tt (Leamington).—I may say the borer is one of the greatest troubles we- 
have in this section of the country, and I have come to the conclusion—though I have 
never tried it—to take a piece of stovepipe or sheet iron and put it around a hoe or 
rake handle until it is tight and then spring it and put it around the tree, and as the 
tree grows the pipe will expand with its growth. 
