Pree 8”, 
-very similar in shape and colouring to those of the preceding sub-family, but 
of smaller size and having the ovipositor exserted and sometimes quite long. A 
common species is Cryptus extrematis which I have 
frequently bred from the cocoons of our large moth 
Telea polypkhemus. Figure 29 shows the female and 
Figure 30 a cross-section of the moth’s cocoon, indi- 
cating how the cocoons of the parasite lie side by side 
within it closely packed. The genus contains a great 
many species, as does also the genus Phygadeuon, 
the species of which differ chiefly in having the 
ovipositor shorter. The genus Hemiteles contains small Fira, 30. 
species with incomplete areolet, which are said to be secondary parasites; ‘.e. 
parasites of parasites, while the species belonging to Pezomachus are wingless 
and ant-like in shape and may be found upon the ground or on foliage. 
OPHIONIN2.—The species included in this ‘sub- family usually have the 
ovipositor short, and they differ from the rest of the Ichneumonide in having 
: the abdomen compressed laterally, so that it 
becomes sickle-shaped. Some of the larger 
forms show this in a marked degree. The 
typical genus Ophion contains large yellow 
insects of which some are very abundant. Our 
largest species is Ophion macrurwm (Figure 31) 
which is a parasite of the caterpillar of the 
large American silkworm moth (Telea poly- 
phemus). The larva of the ophion is a large, 
stout grub, which when full grown spins a 
dark brown cocoon which almost fills the 
cocoon of the moth, and from which the fly 
emerges by cutting a circular door at one end. 
O. bilineatum infests the White Miller moths, 
Fig. 31. while 0. purgatwm (which has two yellow 
ee in one of the cells of the anterior wing) is a parasite of the army worm. 
yreodon moro is a fine insect of nearly ‘the size and shape of O. macrurum, 
but ete leep black colour, with dark,smoky wings and yellow antenne. The genera 
Exochilum and Heteropelma contain a few large species of the same general 
appearance, while Opheltes glaucopterus might be mistaken for Ophion 
macrurum, except that there is an areolet in the anterior wing and that the 
terminal segments of the abdomen are black. This fine species has been bred by 
my friend Mr. Fletcher from the cocoons of 
Ovmbex Americana, the great Willow Sawfly.* 
Anomalon and Campoplex contain a large 
number of species of moderate size, with the 
abdomen long and very thin. They are 
parasites of caterpillars, such as_ the de- 
structive Tent caterpillars, and they do good 
service in keeping down _ such pests. 
Another large genus of very beneficial species 
is Limneria, but in this and the remaining 
genera of the sub-family the species are mostly 
small. Figure 32 shows Thersilochus conotra- 
Fia. 32. 
cheli a parasite of the plum weevil. In Banchus the seutellum is often armed 
with a sharp spine. 
* Canadian Entomologist, Vol. XIX, p. 80. 
