lateral on joint 3 are black, on joints 2, 4, and 11 russet, the rest yellow; the 
second laterals black throughout, the lowest row greenish , head bilobed, black, 
with short black spines on vertices. After the third moult the larve vary great- 
ly both in colour of body and spines. Some are black, finely specked with yellow- 
ish ; others are yellow-brown, specked with yellow tubercles ; others gray-brown 
with indistinct reddish lines between the spines on the dorsal and two lateral 
rows, and much tuberculated ; others are black with fulvous stripes and profusely 
covered with yellowish tuberculated spots and points. The spines vary from 
black to fulvous and green and yellow. (French). Feeds on elm, basswood, hop, 
nettle and false nettle. 
Grapta comma, Harris, closely resembles the. preceding species but is 
smaller, and the wings are not so decidedly faleate, Food plants the same. 
11. THE SPRING CANKER WorM, Anisopteryx vernata, Peck, Order Lepidop- 
tera, Family Phaleenidse.—Late in autunan when the leaves have fallen and the 
insect tribes have almost entirely disappeared, this fragile looking moth, Fig. 46, 
may be seen flying slowly through the de- 
AE io serted woods. “The fore wings of the male 
~ are ash-coloured and semitransparent, with a 
: 3 ee broken whitish band crossing the wings near 
pit ne / | = 77, 2 = the outer margin, and three interrupted 
’ JAG brownish lines between that and the base. 
There is an oblique black dash near the tip 
of the fore wings and a nearly continuous 
black line before the fringe. The hind wings are plain, pale ash-coloured, or 
very light gray, with a dusky dot about the middle of each.” (Saunders.) 
A second species, A pometaria, Fig. 47, very closely resembles vernata, but 
the wings are less transparent and are a little darker in colour, and the hind 
wings are generally crossed by a white band. The females of both species are 
wingless. The eggs are deposited in masses, 
generally in crevices in the bark. The larvee SQ 
vary in colour from greenish yellow to gray 
and dark brown. When fully grown they ,.. 
leave the trees by creeping down or else lower § 
themselves by means of a silken thread and 
enter the ground to change to chrysalis. The Fig. 47. 
moths generally emerge late in the fall, but some individuals do not appear until 
spring. To prevent the females creeping up the trees, strips of canvass or stiff 
paper, covered with tar or printers’ ink, should be applied to the tree, renewing 
the covering from time to time to keep it soft and sticky, and as the moths may 
deposit their eggs below the band care must be taken to leave no crevices through 
which the young caterpillars might pass. 
Fig. 46. 
Canker worms are widely distributed, occurring in Canada as far east as 
Montreal at least. They feed on many kinds of leave es, and where precautionary 
measures are not adopted often prove exceedingly injurious. 
12, THE NovemsBer Motu, Lpirrita dilutata, Hubn, Order Lepidoptera, 
family Phalzenidee—This moth, like the Canker worm, flies late in autumn and 
would be easily mistaken for that insect. The body and wings are pale ash 
gray, the fore wings with eight wavy black lines and double row of black dots 
next the margin. Fringe whitish. Hind wings with four faint wavy lines. 
Wings expand about an inch and a quarter. Although generally not common in 
this neighbourhood, it is occasionally quite abundant. 
