178 Calne. 
Then succeeded the families (well known as ancient lords in Wilts 
and Somerset) of Zouche,-St. Lo, and Roche, of Bromham, but no 
particulars of their connexion with Calne have come under my 
notice. 
Pinell was a family here as early as A.D. 1272; unde Pinhill’s. 
The ubiquitous family of Hungerford appears as early as 1336. 
Lacock, Bradenstoke, and Stanley Abbeys had each some footing 
in the parish.!. Of more modern owners I will say a little by-and- 
by. 
Tue Parish Cuurcn. 
It would have saved much guess-work, and have greatly helped 
the true history of architecture, if founders or builders had always 
cut upon some stone only these few words, “ So-and-so fecit ; ALD. 
so-and-so.” If ever done anywhere it was not done at Calne, so 
that we know nothing whatever about the time when, or the person 
by whom, St. Mary’s Church was first founded and built. Above 
the arches of the north wall a fragment of style older than Norman 
was recovered some years ago: but the nave itself is of the Transition 
Norman period. Perpendicular alterations appear to have been 
made towards the latter half of the fifteenth century, say about 
A.D. 1470. My reason for naming that date is this. Over the 
north door, within the porch, are two stone shields with coats of 
arms. The one on the left hand, as you face the door, is the coat 
of St. Amand; the other, on the right, a lion rampant debruised 
(as the heralds call it) with a bendlet. This shield has never yet 
been identified. Being at one time made indistinct by successive 
coats of yellow-wash, John Aubrey mistook it for the bear and 
Hawarden, and the mound only remains. Hawarden passed to the Montalts in 
1243 by the marriage of Cecilia, sister and heiress of Hugh, Earl of Montalt, 
to Robert Montalt. The present castle at Hawarden is supposed to have been 
built by another Robert (the last of the Montalts), between 1297 and 1329. But 
there was, no doubt, an older castle or fort previous to that date. Its ruins 
stand within the precincts of the modern castle.” 
1 In the “‘ Taxatio Ecclesiastica ” :— 
£ 
“Calne. Abb. of Stanley 3 
‘¢ Prior of Bradenstoke " 
st a 
0 0 
6 0 
