DIPTERA OF M1NNF:S0TA. 



123 



a loss of thousands of dollars to market gardeners in this state alone. 

 The fly has the characteristics of others of this family, and can be 

 found abundantly during parts of the summer in fields of cauliflower 



Fig. 118. Cabbage Maggot; a 



head; 



antenna. After Riley. 



and cabbage. The leaves of a plant seriously afifected wilt down, 

 and examination of the roots at this time will disclose the presence 

 of numerous maggots. We have been working with this pest during 

 the past summer, and find that an emulsion made of crude carbolic 

 acid, together with certain cultural precautions, promises well as a 

 means of prevention. This pest is of such importance that a special 

 publication regarding it and remedies for it will be issued by this de- 

 partment later. 



The maggot boring in radishes is identical with the cabbage 

 maggot, as is the maggot found "in turnip, winter cress, hedge must- 

 ard, celery and doubtless other plants" (Chittenden). The Onion 

 Maggott we have not found in Minnesota as yet. It is a close relation 

 to the cabbage maggot, and the work of this maggot causes a yellowing 

 and wilting of the leaves of the onion plant. 



The Bean Maggot, the larva of another Anthomyid fly (see Fig. 

 119), is also sometimes troublesome here. It works in the stems as 

 well as in the seed, as shown in our illustration. Its work is so 

 readily recognized that no detailed description seems necessary. 



The great majority of these flies are vegetable feeders in the larval 

 stage, being found either in living or decaying plants. However, 



