Dll'TliRA OF xMINNESOTA. 151 



To kill the flies Mr. Weed used a mechanical mixture of kerosene 

 and water (two to ten) in a kero-water sprayer. The milch cows 

 at his station were sprayed with this daily for seven days, a special 

 effort being- made to have the spray strike the flies. The pests were 

 killed in this way, and, according to his statement, tlie numbers so 

 reduced that after the seventh spraying practically no flies could be 

 found, nor were they numerous again that season. It is probably 

 to be assumed that this herd was more or less isolated, hence flies 

 from infested herds did not reach it. Kerosene emulsion, one part 

 of the emulsion to six or eight of water, would probably accomplish 

 the same results. Kerosene emulsion is made by boiling half a 

 pound of hard soap in a gallon of water, taking the same from the 

 stove, and while boiling hot, adding gradually two gallons of cheap 

 kerosene, churning the mixture all the time, and for several minutes 

 afterward, through a force pump, until it becomes of the consis- 

 tency of cream or clabbered milk. This is the stock solution, which 

 should be diluted with water when wanted for use. 



l-'ig. 146. Horn Fly, enlarged. Lugger. 



A compound recommended by several entomologists as excel- 

 lent, is a mixture of fish oil and crude carbolic acid. A sponge 

 dipped into this, squeezed nearly dry. and passed lightly over the 

 hairs (only the tips need be wet) is quite lasting in its effects. Con- 

 tinued rains will wash this off, as it will other compounds of similar 

 nature. 



