Length of Cranium. — Measured with callipers from the most prominent 

 part of the projection between the eyebrows (glabella) to the most distant 

 point at the back of the head in the middle line. Care should be taken 

 to keep the end of the callipers steady on the glabella by holding it there 

 Avith the fingers, while the other extremity is searching for the maximum 

 projection of the head behind. 



Breadth of C ranium. — The maximum breadth of head, which is usually 

 about the level of the tojy of the ears, is measured at right angles to the 

 length. Care must be taken to hold the instrument so that both its points 

 are exactly on the same horizontal level. 



Face Length. — This is measured from the slight furrow which marks 

 the root of the nose, and which is about the level of a line drawn from the 

 centre of the pupil of one eye to that of the other, to the under part of the 

 chin. Should there be two furrows, as is often the case, measure from 

 between them. 



Upper Face Length. — From root of nose to the interval between the two 

 central front teeth at their roots. 



Face Breadth. — Maximum breadth of face between the bony projections 

 in front of the ears. 



Inter -ocular Breadth. — Width between the internal angles of the eyes. 

 While this is being measured the subject should shut his eyes. 



Bigonial Breadth. — Breadth of face at the outer surface of the angles 

 of the loiver jaw below the ears. 



Nose Length. — From the furrow at root of nose to the angle between 

 the nose and the upper lip in the middle line. 



Breadth of Nose. — Measured horizontally across the nostrils at the 

 widest part, but without compressing the nostrils. 



Height of Head. — The head should be so held that the eyes look straight 

 forward to a point at the same level as themselves — i.e., the plane of vision 

 should be exactly horizontal. The rod of the Anthropometer should be 

 held vertically in front of the face of the subject, and the upper straight 

 arm should be extended as far as possible and placed along the middle 

 line of the head ; the shorter lower arm should be pushed up to the lower 

 surface of the chin. When measured with the square the depending bar 

 must be held vertically in front of the face (with the assistance of the 

 spirit-level or plumb-line), and the small set-square passed up this arm 

 from below in such a manner that its horizontal upper edge will come into 

 contact with the lower contour of the chin. The distance between the 

 lower edge of the horizontal bar of the square and the upper edge of the 

 set- square can be read off, and this will be the maximum height of the 

 head. 



Height of Cranium. — The head being held in precisely the same manner 

 as in measuring the height of the head, the instrument is rotated to the 

 left side of the head, its upper bar still resting on the crown, and the 

 recording arm (or the set-square) is pointed to the centre of the line of 

 attachment of the small projecting cartilage in fi'ont of the ear-hole. 



Note. — It is essential that these rules should be strictly followed in 

 order to secure accuracy. All measurements must be made in millimetres. 

 If possible, the subject's weight should be obtained, and recorded in the 

 place set apart for remarks. The observer is recommended to procure 

 ' Notes and Queries on Anthropology,' 2nd edition, from the Anthropo- 

 logical Institute. 3 Hanover Square, London, W. ; net price, 3s. 6c?. 



A 2 



