16 
ond application of the same fungicide, following with a third when the 
vines are in full bloom. After this, applications should be continued 
at intervals of ten or twelve days until the first signs of ripening are 
noticed. This will usually be three weeks or a month before the grapes 
are ready to pick. In no case should the treatments be continued up 
to the time of harvest, as this is entirely unnecessary; moreover, it is 
sure to render the fruit unsightly. It is important to bear in mind that 
in case of dry weather the sprayings should cease. 
Method B.—¥ollowing the direction laid down under method A, with 
the exception that the ammoniacal solution be used instead of Bor- 
deaux mixture. 
Method C.—¥or the first three sprayings use the Bordeaux mixture, 
then substitute the ammoniacal solution for the rest of the season. 
The cost of the treatment as laid downin method A need not exceed 
24 cents per vine. Method B will cost 2 cents and method C the same. 
So far as efficacy is concerned there is little choice. AJl things con- 
sidered, however, method A will doubtless prove the most satisfactory. 
DOWNY MILDEW OF THE GRAPE. 
When this disease occurs alone ammoniacal solution or modified eau 
eéleste may be used. The first spraying should be made when the 
fruit is well formed, the others at intervals of ten or twelve days as 
recommended for black-rot. What is known as brown-rot is caused by 
the fungus of downy mildew. It is seldom that brown-rot occurs in 
the berries without the leaves being also affected. In regions where 
this happens the treatment recommended for black-rot should be fol- 
lowed. 
In some sections eau céleste has been more effective against these 
diseases than any of the other fungicides. This is notably the case in 
northern Ohio and western New York. Eau céleste, however, some- 
times injures the foliage, and we do not advise its extended use. 
ANTHRACNOSE OF THE GRAPE. 
Use Bordeaux mixture the same as recommended for black-rot under 
method A. 
USE OF COPPER COMPOUNDS FROM A HYGIENIC STANDPOINT. 
Ever since the copper compounds came into general use as fungicides 
the question as to their effects, hygienically considered, has received 
more or less attention. With the exception of the New York City Board 
of Health no positive stand on this question has been taken so far as we 
are aware. Many vague and misleading statements, however, have 
from time to time appeared in the horticultural and agricultural papers. 
Every one familar with the situation understands why these rumors, 
for such they can only be considered, are sentout. They are not aimed 
