8 
the powdered poison can be introduced into the bag with a funnel 
through the holes at the ends of the pole. The bags are filled with 
undiluted Paris green, which is generally preferred to London purple 
on account of its quicker action, and the apparatus is carried, on horse 
or mule back, through the cotton fields, dusting 2 or 4 rows at once, 
The shaking induced by the motions of the animal going at a brisk 
walk or at a trot is sufficient to dust the plants thoroughly, or the pole 
may be jarred by hand. The application is preterably made in the 
early morning or late evening when the dew is on, to cause the poison 
to adhere better to the foliage. 
From 1 to 2 pounds are required to the acre, and from 10 to 20 acres 
ave covered in a day. The occurrence of heavy rains will necessitate 
a second application, but frequently one will suffice. This simple appa- 
ratus, on accountof its effectiveness and cheapness, is employed through- 
out the cotton belt to the general exclusion of more complicated and 
expensive machinery. 
With the larger machines for the dry distribution of poisons, 
arsenicals are diluted with 10 parts of flour, lime, or ground gypsuin, 
and from 60 to 75 acres can be covered in a day by using relays of nen 
and teams. Greater uniformity is secured with these machines in cis- 
tribution of the poisons, but their cost (from $30 to $60) prevents their 
general use. 
The planter should have a good supply of poison on hand and appa- 
‘atus for its application prepared in advance, since when the worm 
puts in an appearance its progress is very rapid, and a delay of a sin- 
gle day may result in material damage to the crop. 
If small garden patches are dusted with poison by this, or similar 
means from bags, it is advisable always to dilute the poison with 10 
parts of flour, or preferably lime; and for application to vegetables 
which may soon be used for food, as the cabbage, i ounce of the poison 
should be mixed with 6 pounds of flour or lime, and dusted merely 
enough to show evenly over the surface. 
The wet methods.—Hither Paris green or London purple may be used 
at the rate of 1 pound to 100 to 250 gallons of rater, or 1 ounce to 6 
to 15 gallons. The greater dilutions are for the tender foliage of the 
peach, and an average of 1 pound to 150 gallons of water is a good 
strength for general purposes. The poison should be first made into a 
thin paste in a small quantity of water, and a more than equal weight 
of powdered lime added to take up the free arsenic and remove or 
lessen the danger of scalding. An excess of lime will do no injury. 
The poisons thus mixed should be strained into the spray tank or reser- 
voir, care being taken that all the poison is pulverized and washed 
through the meshes of the strainer. The use of the lime is especially 
desirable in the case of the peach and plum, the foliage of which, par- 
ticularly the former, is very tender and easily scalded. To the stronger 
foliage of the apple and most shade trees, Paris green may be applied 

