
9 
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at the strength of 1 pound to 150 gallons of water without danger; 
with London purple it is always better to use the lime. 
If it is desirable to apply a fungicide at the same time, as on the 
apple for the codling moth and the apple scab fungus, the Bordeaux 
mixture* may be used instead of water, adding the arsenical to it at 
the same rate per gallon as when water is used. The lime in. this 
fungicide neutralizes any excess of free arsenic, and makes it an excel- 
lent medium for the arsenical. 
TIMK TO SPRAY. 
For the codling moth, the apple and pear should receive the first 
application as soon as the blossoms fall, which is also the time for the 
treatment of the scab fungus; the second spraying should be given 
one or two weeks later, just before the fruit turns down on the stem or 
when it is from one-fourth to one-halfinch in diameter. The first spray- 
ing reaches the eggs laid by the moth in the flower end of the fruit 
about the time of the falling of the blossoms, and the second the later 
egg-laying by the more belated moths, and when the first coating of 
poison will probably have been washed off by rains. The young larva, 
eating its way from without into the fruit gets enough of the poison to 
destroy it. This treatment reaches, at the same time, a large number 
of leaf-feeding enemies of these fruit trees. 
For the Cureutio of the stone fruits—plum, cherry, peach, ete.—two 
or three applications should be made: the first before the trees bloom 
or as soon as the foliage is well started; the second at the time of the 
exposure of the young fruit by the falling of the blossoms, and perhaps 
a third a week later, particularly if rains have intervened after the last 
treatment. The poison here acts to destroy the parent Cureulio instead 
of the young larve which, hatching from eggs placed beneath the skin 
of the fruit are not affected by the poison on the outside. The adult 
Curculio, however, as soon as it comes from its winter hibernation 
feeds on the foliage before the trees bloom, and later on the young 
fruit also and is destroyed by the arsenical before its eggs are deposited. 
Tor leaf-feeding insects in general such as the potato-beetles and lar- 
vie, blister-beetles, elin leaf-beetle, maple worm, ete., the application 
should be made at the earliest indication of injury. Fruit trees should 
never be sprayed when in bloom on account of the liability of poisoning 
honey bees or other insects useful as cross-fertilizers. 

pounds of quick lime with water to make 50 gallons. The copper sulphate is dis- 
solved in water (hot, if prompt action is desired) and diluted to about 25 eallons. 
The fresh lime is slaked in water, diluted to 25 gallons, and strained into the copper 
solution, after which the whole is thoroughly stirred with a paddle. Both the cop- 
per and the lime mixtures may be kept in strong solution as stock mixtures, but 
when combined should be promptly used, as the Bordeaux mixture deteriorates on 
standing. 
