24 
TOBACCO DUST. 
Some recent very successful experiments conducted by Mr. J. M. 
Stedman have demonstrated the very satisfactory protective as well 
as remedial value of finely ground tobacco dust against the woolly 
aphis. The desirability of excluding the aphis altogether from nur- 
sery stock is at once apparent, and this Mr. Stedman has shown to be 
possible by placing tobacco dust freely in the trenches in which the 
seedlings or grafts are planted and in the orchard excavations for 
young trees. Nursery stock may be continuously protected by laying 
each spring a line of the dust in a small furrow on either side of the 
row and as close as possible to the tree, covering loosely with earth. 
For large trees, both for protection and the destruction of existing 
aphides, from 2 to 5 pounds of the dust should be distributed from the 
crown outward to a distance of 2 feet, first removing the surface soil 
to a depth of from 4 to 6 inches. The tobacco kills the aphides by 
leaching through the soil,.and acts as a bar for a year or so to rein- 
festation. The dust is a waste product of tobacco factories, costs about 
1 cent per pound, and possesses the additional value of being worth 
fully its cost as a fertilizer. 
KEROSENE EMULSION AND RESIN WA8H. 
Hither tae kerosene and soap emulsion or the resin wash, the former 
diluted 15 times and the latter at the strength of the winter mixture, 
are used to saturate the soil about the affected plants and either left to 
be carried down by the action of rains or washed down to greater 
depths by subsequent waterings. 
For the grape phylloxera or the root-louse of the peach or apple, 
make excavations 2 or 3 feet in diameter and 6 inches deep about the 
base of the plant and pour in 5 gallons of the wash. If not a rainy 
season, a few hours later wash down with 5 gallons of water and repeat 
with a like amount the day following. It is better, however, to make 
this treatment in the spring, when the more frequent rains will take the 
place of the waterings. 
For root-maggots enough of the wash is put along at the base of the 
plant to wet the soil to a depth of 1 to 2 inches, preferably followed 
after an hour with a like amount of water. 
For white grubs in strawberry beds or in lawns the surface should 
be wetted with kerosene emulsion to a depth of 2 or 3 inches, following 
with copious waterings to be repeated for two or three days. The larvee 
go to deeper and deeper levels and eventually die. 
POTASH FERTILIZERS. 
For white grubs, wireworms, cutworms, corn root-worms, and like 
insects, on the authority of Prof. J. B. Smith, either kainit or the 
muriate of potash, the former better, are broadcasted in fertilizing 
quantities, preferably before or during a rain, so that the material is 
