26 
alternate perennial food plant, as in the case of the hop aphis, upon 
which the insect may be destroyed during the earlier or later portion 
of the year. As the cotton plant grows larger and stronger the work 
of the cotton aphis becomes of no importance, partly through the 
hardier condition of the plant, but also through the fact that the many 
natural enemies of the lice increase to such numbers as nearly to annihi- 
late them. There will seldom be, therefore, any necessity for the 
application of remedies; and, indeed, as nothing can be done except 
to spray with a dilute kerosene-soap emulsion or a resin wash, it is a 
question whether it will not pay the cotton grower much better to 
replant the damaged spots. 
LEAF-FEEDING CATERPILLARS, 
There are many Lepidopterous larvae which feed upon the leaves of 
the cotton plant; few of them, however, are confined to the cotton plant 
for food. One of the species most commonly noticed, Cacecia rosaceana, 
is known from its work as the leaf roller—a title under which another 
species, Dichelia sulphureana, may also be included. Both species are 
general feeders and are found in various parts of the country, the 
former upon apple, rose, peach, 
cherry, birch, clover, honeysuckle, 
bean, strawberry, and other plants, 
and the latter upon clover and 
grass. The larve of the former, 
in addition to folding the leaves 
of cotton and feeding within the 
roll, sometimes bore into the young 
Fia. 14.— Pyrausta rantalis: a, larva, enlarged; b, bolls (Mally), but this method of 
side view of abdominal segment of same; c¢, dor- damage IS rare. 
sal view of anal segment, still more enlarged; Several of the larger Bombycids 
d, pupa; f, moth, enlarged (after Riley). i 
also feed in the larval state upon 
cotton. Among these we may mention the large royal horned caterpillar, 
Citheronia regalis, sometimes known as the “hickory horned devil,” 
a very large green caterpillar with long recurved red horns; the large 
green, somewhat hairy larva of the Imperial moth (Hacles imperialis), 
and the large spiny larva of Ecpantheria scribonia, as well as the yellow- 
green stinging caterpillar of the Ilo moth (Hyperchiria io), and the 
““woolly bear” caterpillars of Leucarctia acrea, Spilosoma virginica, and 
Arctia phyllira. The last-named species seems to possess greater capa- 
bilities for damage than any of the others, and H. E. Weed has reported 
a case in which several acres were entirely defoliated by it about the 
middle of June, in Mississippi. 
Two bagworms are also occasionally found feeding upon cotton leaves, 
constructing their cases from fragments of the leaves sewed together 
with silk. These are the common bagworm of the North, Thyridopteryx 
ephemereformis, and Abbot’s bagworm (Oiketicus abbott), a Southern 
species. 

