11 
Most of the adults disappear by the first of August, a few scattering 
individuals remaining until the first of September. . 
Remedies and preventives.—It is evident that if the beetle can be 
promptly exterminated the injury to the foliage will be limited, and 
the subsequent much greater damage by larve to the roots avoided. 
The first effort, therefore, should be to effect the killing of the beetles, 
which may be done by the use of an arsenical spray, with lime, apply- 
ing it at the customary strength of 1 pound to 150 gallons of water. 
The feeding of the beetles on the upper surface of the leaves makes 
them especially easy to control by this means. If this be deferred 
until it is unsafe to apply an arsenical to the vines, the beetles may 
be collected and destroyed in the manner recommended for the rose- 
chafer. The larve may be destroyed about the roots by injections of 
bisulphide of carbon made in the way already described for the phyl- 
loxera. A safer remedy, and a very effective one if applied before the 
end of June or before the larve have scattered, is to wet the soil about 
the vines with a solution of kerosene emulsion. The emulsion should 
be diluted nine times, and a gallon or two of the mixture poured in a 
basin excavated about the base of the vine, washing it down to greater 
depths an hour afterwards with a copious watering. 
THE GRAPE CANE-BORER. 
(Amphicerus bicaudatus Say.) 
The young shoots of the grape during the spring months in some 
districts will often be observed to suddenly break off or droop and die, 
and if examination be made a small hole will be found just above the 
base of the withered shoot, with a burrow leading from it a short dis- 
tance into the main stem. Within the burrow will be found the culprit 
in the form of a peculiar cylindrical brown beetle about half an inch 
long. This beetle has long been known as the apple twig-borer, from 
its habit of boring into the smaller branches of the apple in the man- 
ner described for the grape. It also sometimes similarly attacks pear, 
peach, plum, forest and shade trees, and ornamental shrubs. To the 
grape, however, it is especially destructive, and the name ‘‘grape 
eane-borer” is now given to it as more appropriate. Much complaint 
of this beetle is always received during the winter and early spring. 
Frequently all the new growth is killed, and in some cases vines have 
been entirely destroyed. It is extremely common in the States bor- 
dering the Mississippi, from Iowa to Arkansas, and also in Texas, 
often becoming throughout this region the most important insect 
enemy of the vine. It also occurs eastward to the coast, but rarely 
causes much damage in its eastern range. 
It breeds in dying wood, such as large prunings, diseased canes, and 
also in dying or drying wood of most shade and fruit trees. It has 
been found by the writer breeding very abundantly in roots of up- 
rooted maples and in diseased tamarisk stems. In old, dry wood it 
