13 
eased wood and prunings at least by midsummer, thus destroying the 
material in which the larvre are probably undergoing their develop- 
ment. If precautions of this sort are neglected and the beetle appears 
in the vineyard in spring, the only recourse is to cut out by hand every 
affected part and destroy the beetles. On warm days they may some- 
times be collected in numbers while running about the vines. 
THE GRAPEVINE FLEA-BEETLE. 
(Haltica chalybea M1.) 
A little, robust, shining blue, or sometimes greenish, beetle, about 
one-fifth of an inch long, inclined to jump vigorously, and having 
greatly enlarged thighs, frequently appears on the vine in early spring, 
and bores into and scoops out the unopened buds, sometimes so com- 




Fia.7.——Haltica chalybea. a,beetle; b, larva; c,larvee and beetles on foliage; d, injury to buds; 
e, beetles killed by fungus—a and b much enlarged, rest natural size (original). 
pletely as to kill the vine to the roots. It attacks also the newly 
expanded leaves, filling them with small, roundish holes, and later 
deposits its orange eggs in clusters on their lower surface. Little 
shining brown larvee come from these, which also feed on the leaves, 
and, if abundant, leave little but the larger veins. The larve are 
present for about a month during May and June, when they dis- 
appear into the ground, and transform to beetles during the latter 
part of June and in July. This second brood of beetles remain on 
the leaves through the summer, feeding a little, but doing but little 
damage to the vines, now in full leaf. In the fall the beetles go into 
winter quarters in any protection, as in cracks in fences or buildings, 
in masses of leaves, under bark, ete. 
