6 
cally as wide-spread in this country as is the culture of its principal 
food plant. 
If not already cosmopolitan in distribution, the peach twig-borer is 
rapidly becoming so, and will probably follow the peach and other stone 
fruits wherever they are cultivated, especially as its peculiar hibernating 
habit greatly facilitates its distribution with nursery stock. 
LIFE HISTORY AND HABITS. 
The fall brood of larvee discovered by Mr. Ehrhorn may be taken as 
a convenient starting point in the life history of the peach twig-borer. 
In the fall, according to Mr. Ehrhorn, they appear as very small larvie, 
living and working in the spongy bark chiefly at the crotches of 
the branches of the peach, and he surmises that they are from eggs 
deposited in these situations. Here the larvee are supposed to grow 
slowly until the new growth ap- 
pears in the spring, when they leave 
their cells in the bark and enter the 
new shoots. It is stated, also, that 
frequently the larvie are nearly full 
grown when they attack the young 
growth. A later brood is said to 
attack the fruit near the stems. The 
occurrence of the larve during the 
winter in the situations described 
is also thought to explain the fact 
frequently noted that the under and 
Fic. 1.—Anarsia lineatella: a, twig of peach, . . : 
showing in crotch minute masses of chewed inside twigs, being the more access- 
bark above larval chambers; b. latter much ible, suffer the most, while the ex- 
enlarged; c,a lagye cell, with comets larva, terior and topmost branches escape. 
much enlarged; d, dorsal view of young larva, 
more enlarged (original). ° Later studies confirm, in the main, 
Mr. Ehrhorn’s conclusions as to 
the habits of the larve. That the larve make any essential growth 
in the winter, however, is probably.a wrong inference, as will be shown 
later, and the nearly full-grown larve referred to were doubtless indi- 
viduals that were wandering from one point to another, and had merely 
reached nearly full growth before they were observed. 
Both in the orchards of California and by means of the abundant 
material received at this office we have been enabled to make a careful 
study of the hibernating galleries, or chambers, of the young larve. 
These occur not only in the crotches of the smaller and sometimes quite 
large branches, but many of the larve utilize the roughened bark at 
any point. They burrow into the bark for a short distance, penetrating 
little more than the upper superficial layer, and form slightly elongated 
chambers (tig. 1, ¢), which are lined with white silk and the opening 
afterwards closed. The location of the larvae may be readily reecz- 
nized by the little masses of projecting excrement or comminuted bark 
at the entrances to the burrows (fig. 1, a, b). The size of the burrow and 

