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growing in parks or in rows with American elms. - Such a course, 
however, would seem to be undesirable. After the elm leaf-beetle has 
established itself in a given locality, it will attack the American elms 
to a very serious extent, in the absence of its favorite food plant. It 
is, therefore, better to allow a few European elms to remain. These 
will then act as trap trees, and the necessity for treating a large nam- 
ber of trees will in most cases be greatly reduced. 
In selecting shade trees, particularly for small cities and towns in 
agricultural regions, and even to a considerable extent in large cities, 
the relative honey-producing qualities of the proposed shade trees is 
a matter of some little importance; not so much, perhaps, in the mat- 
ter of actual food for the ordinary honeybee as in that of the increase 
of bees on account of their great value as cross fertilizers of orchard 
trees and forage crops. [from this point of view, there are five very 
important honey producers among the principal shade trees. These 
are, in order of importance: American linden, tulip tree, black locust, 
horse-chestnut, and sugar maple. 
GENERAL WORK AGAINST SHADE-TREE INSECTS IN CITIES AND 
TOWNS. 
The question of proper work against the insects which affect shade 
trees in cities and towns naturally divides itself under two heads: (1) 
What can be efficiently and economically done by city governments? 
(2) If city or town administrators will not appropriate a small amount 
of money to carry on work of this kind, what can citizens who are 
interested in the preservation of shade trees do? 
The planting of shade trees seems to be considered a legitimate fune- 
tion of the board of public works in every municipality. It is some- 
times done by a specially appointed officer, under the control of the 
superintendent of streets and sewers; or it is placed in charge of a 
subcommittee of the board, or a special commission of outsiders is 
appointed to superintend the work. Admitting that the planting of 
shade trees is a public matter, their care should also be a public duty. 
Yet in not one of the larger or smaller cities of the Kastern United 
States with which the writer is familiar is any proper amount of work 
done by the public authorities against shade-tree insects. New York is 
the only city in the country where a man of entomological knowledge 
is employed to direct operations against shade-tree insects, either in the 
streets or the public parks. The writer does not wish to be understood 
as advocating the appointment of a paid entomologist by every city 
government, although where the parks are large in cities situated 
within the region of greatest shade-tree insect activity, such a course 
is always desirable. With an intelligent and industrious superintend- 
ent of parks, or a city forester, or whatever he may be termed, and the 
wise expenditure of a comparatively small amount of money each year, 
