26 
the shade trees of any city could be kept green throughout the 
summer, 
The amount of money to be expended in this direction would natu- 
rally vary with the number of trees to be attended to, as well as with 
the variety and the size of the trees and the geographical location of 
the city. Even in Brooklyn, however (and this seems to the casual 
observer to be the most unfortunate of all our Eastern cities from this 
Standpoint), it is within bounds to estimate that the expenditure of 
$4,000 to $5,000 a year would result in green shade trees the summer 
through. This amount, 
moreover, will in all proba- 
bility not need to be an an- 
nual appropriation. The 
first cost of a proper spray- 
ing apparatus will have to 
be added, but the appara- 
tus once purchased and 
thorough work performed 
for two or three years con- 
secutively, the probabili- 
ties are strong that the 
number of shade-tree in- 
sects would be reduced to 
such an extent that a con- 
siderably smaller annual 
expenditure would be suf- 
ficient. 
The question of proper 
Spraying apparatus is a 
rather serious one, since in 
this direction a considera- 
ble amount of money 
should be expended. A 
steam apparatus willdothe 
Fic. 10.—Fall webworm. a, light form of full-grown larva; work with much greater 
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and yet with a strong, 
double-acting force pump, which can be operated by a single man, and 
a tank of 100 gallons capacity, mounted upon a strong cart, many large 
trees can be well sprayed in the course of aday. From such a pump two 
lines of hose may be run with advantage.' The working force of such 
an apparatus should be a horse to draw the cart, a man to drive and do 
the pumping, and one man to each line of hose. Several such machines 
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‘In the Yearbook of this Department for 1896 will be found an article by the 
writer entitled ‘‘The use of steam spraying apparatus,” to which persons interested 
in such matters are referred in this connection. 
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