21 
within the stems and larger branches;” ! that it also occurs in tobacco 
in Algeria, and that it has also been described under the different 
name (Grelechia tabacella Ragonot) as injuring tobacco in Algeria. 
In this country it has also been observed by Professor McCarthy as 
mining in the leaves of horse nettle (Solanwm carolinense) on the 
margins of tobacco fields, and is recorded by Mr. Quaintance as min- 
ing in the leaves of tomato and in the leaves and boring into the 
fruit of the eggplant. We have, therefore, as its food plants, potato, 
tobacco, horse nettle, tomato, and eggplant; and as its localities, east- 
ern Australia, New Zealand, Algeria, California, Colorado, Florida, 
South Carolina, North Carolina, and Virginia. 
_In Florida the leaf-miners make their appearance about the last of 
May, and are said to occur as late as October. There are several 
generations each year. In southern Virginia the writer found full- 
grown larve in the lower leaves of tobacco plants about the margins 
of the fields as late as November 2. The insect was not known to 
tobacco growers in that vicinity, and when one prominent and excep- 
tionally well-informed tobacco planter was shown these leaf blotches 
he said: ‘‘That is not the work of an insect, but is what we call 
‘wet weather rot,’” and appeared surprised when the writer pulled 
apart the two surfaces of the leaf and showed him the little worm. 
At that season of the year the little mining caterpillar was something 
over a quarter of an inch in length and of a dull greenish color, with 
darker head and thorax. 

REMEDIES. 
Professor Quaintance has shown that in Florida this leaf=miner, 
when feeding, does not pass its entire life in one place, but after eat- 
ing for awhile it will gnaw to the outside, and then crawling around 
over the leaf, will finally enter the tissue again in a newplace. From 
this habit of the insect, it at once becomes evident that it will be sub- 
ject to destruction by an arsenical spray, just as are the caterpillars 
which uniformly feed externally upon the leaves. Moreover, from 
the fact that in Virginia and North Carolina it is frequently well on 
into July before the tobacco crop is planted out, the early generation 
of the insect must be passed in some other food plant. Where horse 
nettles are present in the vicinity of the fields the insects will feed in 
the leaves of this plant, and the second generation will attack the 
tobacco fields. The destruction of all horse nettles, then, about June 1, 
will be a practical measure which will reduce the numbers of the 
split worms in tobacco to a minimum. 
Although this insect has not been found in the nightshade and the 
jimson weed, it is altogether likely that it will also attack these weeds, 
and their destruction, therefore, is equally to be reeommended. 
The insect doubtless passes the winter in the leaves as a larva ora 
pupa, and the advisability of destroying old, blotched leaves which . 
— 

1A. S. Olliff, Agr. Gaz., N.S. W., September, 1892. 
