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18 inches to 2 feet long, so that the powdered poison may be introduced 
into the bags with a funnel through the holes at the ends of the pole. 
The bags are filled with undiluted Paris green, which is generally pre- 
ferred to London purple on account of its quicker action, and the appa- 
ratus is carried on horse or mule back, through the cotton fields, 
dusting two or four rows at once. The shaking induced by the motion 
of the animal going at:a brisk walk or at a trot is sufficient to dust the 
plants thoroughly, or the pole may be jarred by hand. The applica- 
tion is preferably made in early morning or late evening, when the 
dew is on, to cause the poison to adhere better to the foliage. 
- From 1 to 2 pounds are required to the acre, and from 10 to 20 acres 
are covered ina day. ‘The occurrence of heavy rains may necessitate 
a second application, but frequently one will suffice. This simple 
apparatus, on account of its effectiveness and cheapness, is employed 
throughout the cotton belt to the general exclusion of more compli- 
cated and expensive machinery. The cost frequently does not exceed 
25 cents per acre, and the results are so satisfactory that the leaf 
worm is no longer considered a serious factor in cotton culture. 
With the patented air-blast machines for the dry distribution of 
poisons, arsenicals are diluted with 10 parts of flour, lime, or ground 
gypsum, and from 60 to 75 acres may be covered ina day by using 
relays of men and teams. Greater uniformity is secured with these 
machines in distribution of the poisons, but their cost (from $30 to 
$60) prevents their general use. 
The planter should havea good supply of poison on hand and appa- 
ratus for its application prepared in advance, since when the worm 
puts in an appearance its progress is very rapid, and a delay of a 
single day may result in material damage to the crop. 
If small garden patches are dusted with poison by this or similar 
means from bags or with hand bellows, it is advisable always to dilute 
the poison with 10 parts of flour, or preferably lime, and for applica- 
tion to vegetables which will ultimately be used for food, as the cab- 
bage, 1 ounce of the poison should be mixed with 6 pounds of flour or 
10 of lime and dusted merely enough to show evenly over the surface. 
Arsenicals should not be applied to lettuce or other vegetables the 
free leafage of which is eaten. 
As poisoned bait.—It is not always advisable or effective to apply 
arsenicals directly to the plants, and this is particularly true in the 
case of the attacks of the grasshopper and of the various cutworms 
and wireworms. In such cases the use of poisoned bait has proved 
very satisfactory. 
For locusts, take 1 part, by weight, of white arsenic, 1 of sugar, 
and 6 of bran, to which add water to make a wet mash. Place a 
tablespoonful of this at the base of each tree or vine, or apply a line 
of baits just ahead of the advancing army of grasshoppers, placing a 
