12 THE ORTHOPTERA OF .MINNESOTA. 



siderable damsge together with ailanis. Especially the 

 vicinity of Duluth was invaded as early as the summer of 

 1891. The insects became very numerous and caused con- 

 siderable damage to lawns and gardens in 1892, but as a 

 parasite, the Tachina-fly described later, became still more • 

 numerous the great majority of the intruders w^ere killed. 

 Still a large army of these migratory locusts appeared in 

 1893 and caused considerable injury. Quoting from the re- 

 port mentioned above the two species of locusts found so 

 numerous near Duluth acted very peculiarly. As is well 

 known locusts do not like to rest upon moist ground, but 

 always crawl away from it by climbing upon higher plants, 

 or fences and outhouses if such are near. While the writer 

 was in Duluth it rained, and consequently the locusts tried 

 to escape to more elevated positions than the wet soil. 

 They did so by crawling upon the walls of houses, which 

 were soon covered with them. Strange to say nearly all 

 the locusts found in the lower part of the city were members 

 of the pellucid species, while the lesser migratory species 

 could only be found near or upon the tops of the hills. To 

 express this fact in numbers, 1,000 locusts were caught w^ith 

 a net on the front of a house on Second street, and were 

 carefully inspected ; all were pellucid \ocusts (Camnu la, pel- 

 lacida). Another 1,000 were captured in the same way on 

 Fourth street : 880 were pellucid locusts, 92 were the lesser 

 migratory locusts {atlantis), and 24 were the common red- 

 legged kind {femur-ruhrum) . Still another 1,000 were cap- 

 tured at the base of a large building, the Pavilion, which is 

 located on the top of the hill overlooking the wonderful 

 scenery of Duluth and its harbor. Here it was found that 

 972 specimens belonged to the lesser migrator}^ species, 3 to 

 the pellucid, and 25 to the red-legged kind. This peculiar 

 distribution of the two migratory species was also seen else- 

 where; wherever the soil was moist, or near w^ater or 

 swampy places, the pellucid species "was more numerous. 

 In 1894 both species of locusts became very numerous 



