EXPLANATIONS OF TERMS USED IN TEXT. 285 



ragwa, a sheath-like plate enclosing an organ. 



valgate, enlarged at the bottom ; club-footed. 



valves, four horny appendages forming the ovipositor (Figs. 2, 39). 



vein, nerves ; ribs of a wing (Figs. 33, 34) . 



veinlets, nervules ; very small cross- veins of the wings. 



vena radialis, (Fig. on page 155). 



venation, Jiiethod of distribution of veins (Figs. 33, 34). 



venter, the inferior portion of the abdomen composed of sternites. 



ventral, pertaining to the under surface of the abdomen. 



ventriculus, stomach (Fig. 41). 



vertex, the front portion of the upper surface of the head between and in 



front of the eyes (Fig. 40). 

 viscid, covered with a slimy, sticky, or greasy matter. 

 vilta, a band ; a streak or stripe, of color or texture ; a fascia. 



W. 



wing-covers, front wings ; elytry; tegmina (Fig. 33). 

 wing-pads, undeveloped wings as in the pupa or nymph. 



