338 Excavations in Wansdyke, 1889—91. 
Rotherley at the feet of an extended skeleton, accompanied by iron 
hob-nails, showing that they formed part of the leather fastenings 
or sole protectors of sandals. We have therefore clear evidence 
that sandals, having these fastenings or sole protectors attached to 
them, were in common use previously to the construction of both 
Bokerly and Wansdyke, and it is only reasonable to suppose that 
these two periods could not be very remote from one another. With 
regard to the origin and evidence afforded by fragments of Samian 
pottery, that important subject might very well suffice for a lecture 
of itself. There can be no doubt that red pottery of a somewhat, 
though not entirely, similar character to that usually known in this 
country by the name of “ Samian ” was constructed at Samos in 
very early times, and Pliny says that it was widely exported both 
by sea and land. The possibility, therefore, of a fragment of it 
being found in this country amongst pre-Roman remains cannot be 
denied, but, practically, I believe it has never been discovered in | 
association with late Celtic sites.1 At Mount Caburn, near Lewes, 
a late Celtic camp which I explored some time ago, an account of 
which is given in the “ Arch@ologia,” not a fragment of it was 
found, though it turned up frequently amongst Roman remains 
close by. In the late Celtic cemetery at Aylesford, recently explored, 
no fragment of this pottery appears to have been found, and the 
same applies to the late Celtic camp at Hunsbury, near Northampton. 
The British Museum does not possess a single specimen of this ware 
from Samos. The subject has been discussed lately on the Conti- 
nent by Messrs. Fillon, Schuermans, and Gabriel de Mortillet, all 
of whom appear to agree that the red ware, with the maker’s names 
to it, was not introduced and fabricated in France until the time of 
the Empire. The “Samian,” with ornamentation in relief, ac- 
cording to Schuermans, was not made until the time of Trajan, A.D. 
1 After careful examination, and consultation with the best authorities on the 
subject of this pottery, I have come to the conclusion that pottery from Samos 
could not be mistaken for the Roman red glazed ware, usually known by the 
name of “Samian”’ in this country, and that the presence of such fragments in 
an earthwork affords conclusive evidence of Roman or post-Roman origin. The 
fragments found here have been seen by many antiquaries, and no doubt exists 
as to their being of the quality known as “ Samian ” in this country. 
