150 MR. W. K. PARKER ON THE STRUCTURE AND 



its short as 8, for the oiithne of the face stops a little short of the axial length; the 

 mandibular hinges are slightly less retreated than in the large kind. The occipital 

 condyles (Plate 27, figs. 5, G, oc.c.) are similar ; the cartilaginous tracts at the mid- 

 line are larger, and the projection of the ear-mass less, and less ossified ; the " tegmen" 

 (fig. 5, t.ti/.) is soft. The hind part of the orbital region is not so wide ; the girdle- 

 bone is of less extent, and the superorbital tract of cartilage is not present. 



The nasal region is similarly broad, on the whole, but the outer nostrils {e.n.) are 

 nearer together, and the inner nostrils (i.n.) are scarcely oval. What difference of 

 length over breadth there is, is shown differently — the holes are transvei'se. There 

 are no secondary fontanelles (fig. 5) ; the "annulus" {a.ti/.) is smaller, but complete ; 

 the Eustachian openings (eu.) are similar in both kinds. 



The columella has no separate inter-stapedial (Plate 29, fig. 6, m.st.) ; and the 

 supra-stapedial {s.st.) is confluent above ; the stapes (st.) has a boss. The investing 

 bones differ in these two kinds, as those of the old and young of the same species 

 differ ; there are no vomerine teeth. 



The mandibles and hyo-branchial apparatus (fig. 7) are very similar, but tlie former 

 are more evenly arched, and the latter has a young appearance, for the front lateral 

 lobes are not such elegant " ears," and they are not definitely marked off from the 

 hinder projection (b.h.hr.). The basal plate is longer, and the thyro-hyals (t.hy.) are 

 slenderer, and are inbent. 



This small Ranine Tree-frog differs from the type in the following particulars : — 



1. In the general broad, short, outspread condition of the skull. 



2. There are no secondary fontanelles. 



3. There are no septo-maxillaries. 



4. There are no vomerine teeth. 



5. The tympanic annulus is less. 



G. There is no inter-stapedial segment, and the supra-stapedial is confluent above. 

 7. There is no lobe to the hypo-hyal. 



Fourth genus. Hylarana. 



39. Hylarana malaharica. — Young ; f inch long. India. 



The specimens dissected by me were only one-fourth the length of the full-grown 

 adult, which attains to nearly 3 inches. 



Nevertheless I found the skull in these young individuals (Plate 28, figs. 1, 2) to be 

 much more perfectly ossified than in the adult of H. tem^ioralis (Plate 29, figs. 1, 2), 

 next to be described. 



This is one of the longest skulls in the " Order;" its length is to the breadth as 

 7i to 6^ — a Frog's skull which is as long as it is broad, is long as compared to most 

 " Anurous" skulls. 



The proportionate length of the three regions of the skull is very different from 



