39 
be followed in the warfare against the bollworm. The following is 
the statement by Mr. Quaintance on this subject: 
The steps in the production of early cotton, outlined above, include the prin- 
cipal recommendations for the growing of cotton in the presence of boll weevils. 
It is therefore seen that injury from the cotton bollworm and the cotton boll 
weevil may be best, avoided by the adoption of one and the same course of 
improved farm practice. The spread of the latter species will render impera- 
tive the adoption of these methods in profitable cotton culture, and along with 
this change the ravages of the bollworm during normal seasons should become 
less and less. 
The cotton aphis——Of the numerous minor enemies of the cotton 
plant in the United States there is one, the cotton aphis, or plant- 
louse, that may occasionally cause unusual damage by reason of 
early planting. This will only happen to any appreciable extent 
during wet seasons. Under such conditions the aphis may some- 
times make it necessary to replant.*| Nevertheless, this is not an 
important difficulty. It is not of sufficient moment to be considered 
at all, in view of the enormous benefit in avoiding damage by the 
boll weevil by means of early planting. If the other steps in the 
control of the boll weevil be taken and the fields made clean during 
the winter and the rubbish in the fence corners and along the turn- 
rows destroyed, it is not likely that the aphis will do any consider- 
able damage, even during the coolest and wettest springs. 
The injury inflicted by several other insects, such as the cotton 
square borer, webworm, and cutworms often makes the crop some- 
what later, and consequently likely to be injured by the weevil. 
GENERAL CONTROL THROUGH QUARANTINES. 
There is no doubt whatever that the weevil can not be prevented 
from extending its range to the extremes of the cotton belt in this 
country. However, the damage is so great and the disturbance of 
economic conditions so extensive that all reasonable precautions 
should be taken to prevent the early accidental importation of the 
weevil to uninfested regions. Practically all of the States in the 
cotton belt have enactments designed to this end. Undoubtedly 
they should be enforced to the fullest extent. 
At one time considerable inconvenience was caused the shipping 
interests by the lack of uniformity of quarantines in. different 
States and the inclusion of articles in which there is very little dan- 
ger. At the present time these difficulties have largely been removed. 
All that it is advisable to include in the absolute quarantines are cot- 
@QOn the contrary, cases have been noticed where early breaking and thorough 
working caused a lessening in the number of aphides, due to the destruction 
of the ant that protects them. Mr. Wilmon Newell calls our attention to an 
instance of this kind in Louisiana in 1908. 
544 
