99 EXTERMINATING THE TEXAS-FEVER TICK. 
evaporation during this process. The soap solution and the required 
amount of oil are then placed in a barrel or some other convenient 
receptacle and mixed. The mixing may be effected by the use of a 
spray pump, pumping the mixture through and through the pump 
until the emulsion is formed. A convenient and time-saving method 
is to do the mixing in a barrel by first pouring in one part of hot 
soap solution and then four parts of crude petroleum and repeating 
this until the barrel is filled. |The oil should be poured in with as 
much force as possible and the mixture stirred constantly with a 
long paddle until the oil is completely emulsified. The mixing is 
facilitated also by dipping up the mixture and pouring it back with a 
pail. If made properly, this stock emulsion is permanent and will 
keep indefinitely. 
To prepare the stock emulsion for use, it is diluted with water to a 
20 or 25 percent emulsion. In order to obtain a 20 per cent emulsion 
of oil, it is necessary to use one part of the stock emulsion to 3 parts 
of water, and for a 25 per cent emulsion one part of stock emulsion 
to 21 parts of water. The stock emulsion is permanent, but the 
diluted emulsion does not remain uniformly mixed, so that if allowed 
to stand it should be thoroughly mixed by stirring before using. Only 
rain or freestone water should be used for diluting, and if this is not 
available, the water should be ‘‘softened” by adding a sufficient 
amount of concentrated lye, sal soda, or washing powder. Care 
should be observed in this process not to use an excess of these prep- 
arations. 
An 80 per cent stock emulsion is on the market, and much time and 
labor can be saved by obtaining this instead of making the emulsion. 
To prepare it for use, it should be diluted in the same manner as indi- 
cated above for the homemade stock emulsion. 
The arsenical dip.—This dip is used considerably on account of its 
cheapness and the ease with which it is prepared. In general it has 
proved very effective in destroying ticks, and is less likely than crude 
petroleum or emulsions of the same to injure cattle when dipping has 
to be done in hot weather. Some injury to the skin is, however, 
likely to occur when the arsenical mixture is used, and this injury, 
which will be so slight as to be scarcely noticeable if the cattle are 
properly handled, is liable to be serious if the cattle are driven any 
distance, especially if allowed to run while being driven within a week 
after treatment. The formula given below for making an arsenical 
dip is the one most commonly used in this country: 
Sodium carbonate’ (sul. soda)=t.i< 3.2822 825922 ete eee pounds.. 24 
Arsenic trioxid (white atsenic).=-- «J s2scsso Acne see dou. es 
Pine tari. 2s cde aera s Soe See ie ee gallon.. 1 
Sufficient water to make 500 gallons. 
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