10 INSECT AND FUNGOUS ENEMIES OF THE APPLE. 
for its object the placing of poison in the calyx cup of each little 
apple. This treatment may be successfully given during the eight or 
ten days between the dropping of the petals and the closing of 
the calyx lobes. After the calyx lobes have drawn together it is 
difficult to force the poison into the calyx cup. (See fig. 3.) Very 
thorough work is necessary at this time, and carelessness in making 
the first application can not be counteracted by subsequent. treat- 
ments. Good: results, in fact, have been obtained where this appli- 
cation alone has been given; and in portions of the West, where it 
is unnecessary to spray for fungous diseases, a single treatment is 
held by some to be sufficient. While excellent results have been 
obtained in the East from this so-called “ one-spray ” method, yet 
Fic. 3.—Apple clusters, showing, on the left, young fruit with calyx lobes spread, and in 
right condition for spraying; on the right, apples with calyx lobes closed, and too late 
for satisfactory spraying. 
the necessity of using fungicides in this territory renders the use of 
arsenicals in addition comparatively inexpensive.’ 
Second application—The second application for the codling moth 
is given from three to four weeks after the blossoms have fallen and 
has for its purpose the destruction of the young larve as they are 
hatching from the eggs spread promiscuously over the foliage and 
fruit. 
Third application. Fight or nine weeks following the dropping of 
the petals the third treatment is given, at which time the second- 
brood larve are hatching in numbers. 
1Those interested in the one-spray method should obtain copies of Bulletin 80, 
Part VII, and Bulletin 115, Part II, Bureau of Entomology. 
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