INSECT AND FUNGOUS ENEMIES OF THE APPLE. yal 
single-brooded, though in the central and more southern States it is 
thought that there may be two broods of larve each year. 
TREATMENT. 
The control of the bud moth rarely requires treatments other than 
those given in the course of spraying adopted by progressive or- 
chardists. The first treatment for the apple scab coincides fairly well 
with the time when these larvee 
are actively feeding in the 
spring, and where their injury 
has been noted or is suspected 
an arsenical should be added to 
the fungicide used. The spray 
application after the falling of 
the blossoms, constituting the 
first treatment for the codling 
moth, is effective in further re- 
ducing the bud moth, and the 
two treatments should, under 
ordinary conditions, be suffi- 
cient to keep it well reduced. 
THE APPLE-TREE TENT 
CATERPILLAR. 
The conspicuous, unsightly 
nests or tents of the apple-tree 
tent caterpillar (J/alacosoma 
americana Fab.) are not often 
seen in well-cared-for orchards, 
as this insect is kept well in 
check by the usual applications 
of arsenical sprays for the 
codling moth, curculio, ete. 
The nests, however, are often 
in evidence in neglected or- 
chards and in trees along road- 
sides, and indicate a lack of 
interest on the part of the Fie. 11—Nest and larve of the apple-tree 
landowner in his orchard crops. tent caterpillar (Malacosoma americana). 
The insect winters in the egg stage, the eggs being placed on 
twigs in a ringlike mass. The young larve appear as the foliage is 
pushing out in the spring and at once start their nest in the crotch 
of some limb or branch, in which they retreat for protection when 
not feeding. As the caterpillars grow the nest increases in size, 
until by the time the insects are full grown, it is a conspicuous, 
unsightly object. (See Fig. 11.) 
492 
