66 THE APPLE LEAF HOPPER 



and growers. The entomologist found it present this fall in two nur- 

 series visited in October and has written a few practical growers to 

 obtain their opinion regarding it. Mr. Thos. Redpath replies to our 

 letter of inquiry as follows : 



"Wayzata, October 23. 1908. 



"Dear Sir: — Replying to your letter of October 21, would say that I 

 liave known Crown Gall to exist on raspberries for last seven or eight 

 years. 1 have not lost the vines entirely, but am satisfied that their bearing 

 qualities have been affected by the disease. 



"I am certain that it spreads from plant to plant, but some varieties 

 are more subject to it than others. I never saw it on the ^Marlboro, and 

 have none on my place since ploughing up the Loudon, only 1 saw it on 

 the plants bought this spring, but if you think it best, I will cut them out." 



A letter from A. Brackett, Excelsior, dated Oct. 26, '08, reads as 

 follows : 



''It has been in this localit}' for 7 or 8 years to my knowledge. 



"It will soon destroy the entire patch. 



"I have not had any on the place where I now li\e, but there are some 

 places that arc badly affected by it. It spreads very fast. T think the cul- 

 tivator spreads it." 



Another observant nurser_\-man writes as follows : 



"RepKnng to your recent circular letter, the first indications of crown 

 gall on raspberries that we noticed was three years ago this fall when we 

 were digging a block of Loudon raspberries. This sort had previously 

 done exceptionall}' well with us, but since that time has appeared less 

 hardy or weaker. Hence we discarded it for the King and L-onclad. 



"As w-e have not up to the present time planted raspberries or black- 

 berries on the same soil, we cannot say as to its effect in that respect. 



"To the best of my knowledge, our blocks are very free from this dis- 

 ease at present and hence I cannot say as to its contagious character in 

 that respect." 



^^Ir. K. B. Miller of Station F, Minneapolis, writes that he has 

 seen it for two or ihree years, perhaps longer, but did not know what 

 it was ; that vines have been dying for years, apparently, he says, from 

 this catisc. 



Under date of October 27, 1908, E. F. Smith, Pathologist, in 

 charge of Laboratory of Plant Pathology, U. S. Department of Agri- 

 culture, writes us as follows : 



"Your letter of October 16 to Dr. Hedgcock has been referred to me 

 for reply. There are not enough data in your letter to enable me to reply 

 very satisfactorily, and it is quite possible in the present state of our knowl- 

 edge of this disease that were I on the ground I might not even then be 

 able to answer fully your iniiuiries. T should attribute the slight amount 

 of crown-gall on plants grown in soil which gave a large amount the pre- 



