AND OTHER INJURIOUS INSECTS OF I907 AND I908. Id 



The eggs hatch, five to sixty in a mass, in the latitude of Ilhnois, 

 early in May usuahy, having been laid in the wooly masses covering 

 the female lice. For a time the young are active and crawl over the 

 trees (probably in the latter part of May and early in June in Minne- 

 sota). Their activity soon ceases and they attach themselves to both 

 twigs and branches, become dark colored, though on account of the 

 white wooly covering their presence is easily detected. Winged 

 females are produced in June, and by these other parts of the tree and 

 other trees may be infested. The winter, as stated above, may be 

 passed in some one of its stages. Storment claims that there are 

 several broods in a season, and that wingless females do sometimes 

 hibernate and begin their egg laying in April (Illinois), eggs hatch- 

 ing about the middle of that month. Much has yet to be learned re- 

 garding the life history of this insect, and it oiTers an inviting field for 

 study. 



Remedies : Several predaccous insects cat this louse, notably the 

 larvae of some "lady bird" beetles, of Syrphus Flies, etc. Kerosene 

 emulsion, about one part of stock solution to nine or ten gallons of 

 zuater, if used in a forceful spray early in spring, ivill kill this insect, 

 and, it is claimed, the eggs also are destroyed by kerosene etniilsion. 

 A zvhale-oil soap spray, one pound to four gallons, might do equally 

 well. A very forcible spray of icatcr alone would doubtless zvash azvay 

 and kill many of the insects. 



Storment claims that the best time to spray is in the winter, since 

 at that time the beneficial insects which prey upon the louse are not 

 destroyed. His advice is evidently based upon the theory that the 

 lice hibernate in some form on the tree itself. 



ALDER BLIGHT, ALDER APHID, 



Pemphigus tesselatus Fitch. 

 Like the preceding, this dark-colored louse, infesting the x\lders, 

 is covered with a copious white flocculent growth, making it very con- 

 spicuous. The insects secrete a so-called "honey dew" which drops to 

 the leaves below, and in which grows a fungus (identified by Dr. 

 Freeman 2iS Scorias spongiosa), this growth giving a dark, blighted 

 appearance to the leaves. 



We first noticed this louse on Alders on Lake of the Isles Boule- 

 vard in 1902. In October of the same year young were observed 

 swarming over trunks and branches. 



Their life history, it may be said, doubtless resembles in a general 

 way that of other wooly aphids. This insect is now believed to have 

 an alternate form on the maple (Patch: Ent. News, Dec. 1908). 



Remedies: Same as for preceding. Very badly infested trees 

 might zvell be destroyed. 



