•54 



THE APPIJ-: r.F.AF HOPPER 



considerable numbers on the sides of the cage, and a few were laid on 

 the ground. Some were also found on a couple of tin boxes left under 

 the cage, and on some old pupa cases. We figure these egg clusters in 

 the accompanying photograph. They were almost pearly white in color 

 when fresh, but became brownish gray in a few days. They are round 

 in shape, slightly flattened, with alternating rediating ridges and de- 

 pressions on the surface. These ridges are rut somewhat by concen- 

 tric lines. The eggs measure about 5-10 miu. in diameter. 



The larvae pujiatc, for the most part, in their burrows in the stalks 

 of food plants. P. iiitcla nitcla was reared from Giant Bur-elder, 

 Peony (one specimen only from Peony), and Hemp. Larvae of this 

 species were also foimd working in common ragweed. Ambrosia artc- 

 iiiisiacfolia, Corn, Tomato and Lamb's Quarter, while ncbris was 

 reared from Burdock, Giant Ragweed {Ambrosia frifida). Giant Bur- 

 elder (/z'fl .vaiifhiifolia). Giant Bur-elder was found to be by far the 

 most commonly and most heavily infested plant. Next to that came 

 Giant Ragweerl. Hemj) and Burd(Kk, while somewhat infested, could 

 not be said to be lieavily so. All the other plants were only occasion- 

 allv infested. 



Fitrs. "Sand 79. Kgg nniX adult of P. iiUelci. (Original. 



A considerable number of parasites were reared. It is evident 

 that this species sufiters very heavily from parasitism, mostly from 

 '['acliina flies. Dr. Franklin estimates that 70 per cent, of larvre were 

 destroyed by parasites during the season. 



Papaif'cma cataphracto Grote : What is supposed to be this spe- 

 cies has been bred within the past season from Burdock, Golden Glow, 

 Thistle, Hemp, and one larva which was not reared, but which ap- 

 pears to belong to this species, was found in Tansy, and one in Sumac. 

 Burdock is the ])rincipal food for the species. Hardly a single Bur- 

 dock plant, examined during the month of August, was found to be 

 free from infestation. One plant was found to harbor five larv?e and 



