a joint worm working in wheat, and also the Hessian fly; in very 

 many instances the work of the wheat stem maggot was ascribed to 

 joint worms. Farmers can easily distinguish the work of the form- 

 er from the latter by the fact that while the wheat stem maggot is 

 found in the stalk, the larva of the Hessian Fly, as is attested by the 

 location of the so-called "flax seed" is always on the outside of the 

 stalk, next to it, under a sheathing blade. See page 45 for further 

 discussion of the wheat stem maggot. 



The years 1911 and 1912 have witnessed great mortality 

 amongst our shade trees, the pride of the State, and this passing of 

 oaks, maples and elms is perhaps the most serious problem which 

 confronts the Entomologist today. The Entomologist, however, is 

 not alone in the battle, for various fungous diseases belonging to the 

 province of the plant pathologist are playing a very important part, 

 and in some instances possibly the leading part, in the death of our 

 trees. Two circulars have been issued from this office treating on 

 the leading insect pests of shade trees. These circulars can be ob- 

 tained by any citizen of the state for the asking. Page 54. 



On our apple trees both the Scurfy Scale and the Oyster-shell 

 Scale are much in evidence and the latter apparently decidedly on 

 the increase. It is to be noted in this connection that while a large 

 amount of Oyster-shell Scale on a tree is naturally quite detrimental 

 to its bearing qualities and should be eradicated, this species does 

 not approach in its destructiveness the San Jose Scale. A compar- 

 atively small infestation of the latter scale will cause a young tree 

 to droop and ultimately die, the same tree being able to resist a 

 hundred times as many Oyster-shell Scales. 



We have to report the occurrence of a Corn Bill Bug in Minne- 

 sota, a corn field of twenty-five acres at Shakopee being nearly 

 destroyed by this pest. Page 71. 



White Grubs, the larvae of the large May Beetles or "June 

 Bugs" have been again abundant and destructive, but the injury in 

 our state this season will not compare with the widespread de- 

 struction worked by this pest on corn and other plants in Wiscon- 

 sin. However, in more than one locality in Minnesota, the White 

 Grub has, during the biennium just completed, made destructive 

 inroads upon agricultural products. In 1912 corn, hay, timothy and 

 potatoes were severely injured. 



The roots of corn were eaten and the stalks blown over. Timo- 

 thy was killed before it could produce seed. Potatoes following 

 sod suffered severely. Injury from White Grub was particularly 



