6 INJURIOUS INSECTS OF I90Q AND IQIO. 
seed of 75 per cent. of the timothy acreage had been 
destroyed. From St. James, same date: ‘Timothy 
is entirely destroyed, absolutely worthless for seed. 
Timothy crop has been damaged from 20 per cent 
to 25 per cent for hay. Timothy will cut inom 
three-fourths to one and one-fourth tons per acre.” 
From Tyler, “The timothy crop of seed in this sec- 
tion is practically allgone * * * and what hay 
we get is short and thin.” From Windom, July 
15th, “Twenty acres (of timothy) are a total loss.” 
About July 7th, A. @. Sexe, near Elills; repented 
that this army worm had about completely de- 
stroyed his forty-acre field of timothy. Under date 
of August 27th, 1910, Northrup, King & Co., in a 
letter to the entomologist, in which they speak of 
the serious loss in sections where most of the 
timothy seed is harvested, state that timothy seed 
had nearly doubled in value. This, however, was 
in a large measure due to the drouth of last sum- 
mer. Conditions practically identical with those in 
Minnesota prevailed in parts of lowa and the Da- 
kotas. 
Mr. Urbahns was sent to Worthington, Minn., 
July rath. He found army worms had done much 
damage to timothy by feeding upon the heads. The 
injury was most severe on high sandy soil. The 
larvae were rapidly pupating on above date, and 
their work for the season was over. He met fifty 
farmers more or less interested 1n the control of 
this pest, and carried on discussions concerning com- 
bative measure. 
In every case investigated, as stated above, we 
found that the pest had its origin in old timothy 
fields that had been allowed to run a number of 
years, four or more, without being plowed. After 
the timothy heads are eaten, the worms turn their 
Fig. 4. Head of attention to oats, wheat or corn, traveling in an 
barley injured 5 
by Wheat-head army from one field to another, hence their name. 
Army Worm. E : 
Ome int, They appear to be somewhat subject to the at- 
tacks of parasites; and are undoubtedly, in common 
with other caterpillars devoured by predaceous 
