20 INJURIOUS INSECTS OF I909Q AND IQIO. 
Quoting from Miss Wood’s notes, figure 3 was drawn at a time 
when ‘‘a strong movement was observed between thorax and ab- 
domen.” Almost no independent movement of legs until the pellicle 
or “amnion” is cast off. This (casting off of the amnion) began 
to take place immediately when the hopper was free of the egg-shell 
(Fig. 4). The pellicle split across the back of the thorax, and, by 
movements more of the body than the appendages, was passed for- 
ward over the head. The antennae and mouth parts were drawn 
out of the pellicle; then the first and second pair of legs were drawn 
out, and in about three minutes the entire amnion (pellicle) was 
cast off, but clung several minutes to the posterior end of the ab- 
domen. As soon as the hind legs were free, the hopper turned over 
and began to walk, at first using only the two front pairs of legs, 
the tibiae and femora of the hind legs being close together and 
raised, and the body dragged along by the front pair.” 
3 4 & 
Five stages in the hatching of a grasshopper. Original. 
Remedies and Preventive Measures. 
(1) THE PLow AND THE Harrow are the most important ene- 
mies of grasshoppers. A faithful use of the plow on the part of all 
farmers 1n a neighborhood, and all land-owners, will materially re- 
duce the number of this pest in any given locality. As is well known, 
grasshoppers lay their eggs in late summer and early fall, in pockets 
made by the female, an inch or an inch and a half deep. These 
