36 INJURIOUS INSECTS OF 1909 AND IQIO. 
fact that on the 12th, and again on the 13th, there was a consid- 
erable amount of rainfall—over half an inch of water falling on the 
3th—it being very probable that so much precipitation would 
kill off the adults in considerable numbers. 
On July oth the alfalfa field which was cut on June 24th was 
swept, and a number of specimens of FE. mali were found; the 
alfalfa since it was cut having attained a considerable new growth. 
Sweepings had been made upon clover at about this date (July 
oth), and nymphs were found in large numbers. Nearly as many 
adults were found upon the alfalfa on this date as were found on 
the clover, in proportion to the number of sweeps of the net. No 
nymphs, however, were found. The adults had apparently but 
recently either flown or been blown on to the alfalfa, from the 
neighboring orchard and from surrounding fields. The absence of 
nymphs on this field, which had been cut, goes to show that if 
legumes such as clover and alfalfa be cut just before the eggs for 
the second brood hatch, much of the infestation for the second brood 
may be reduced. 
On July 24th fields of wheat, rye, oats, barley and flax were 
examined and hardly any E. mali were found in them. On August 
24th a large patch of raspberries, at Mr. J. F. Larson’s place at 
Stillwater, was looked over and many of the leaves on the rasp- 
berry canes were found to be badly curled as the result of the work 
of EF. mah. Many canes had all the leaves curled up, and the 
adults flew off from these in large numbers when the canes were 
shaken. On August 26th a large number of apple branches in the 
flat orchard were very carefully examined, and we could not find 
any egg-blisters of E. mali. On September 13th, however, another 
examination on some of the trees close to the alfalfa disclosed the 
ege-blisters of E. mali present in considerable numbers. It seems 
probable that oviposition had begun several days before this date. 
The blisters were not, at this time, nearly so numerous as they were 
last fall after oviposition had ceased; this showing that adults were 
still laying at this date (Sept. 13th). 
On September 17th the clover fields and alfalfa fields were 
swept, and it was found that EF. mali were far less numerous than 
they had been before this date. 
In connection with the work on Empoasca, the accompanying 
chart, constructed by Mr. Stafford, shows the relative abundance 
of adults and nymphs, indicated by his sweepings of clover upon 
thirteen dates. This is numerically expressed as follows: 
