go INJURIOUS INSECTS OF I909Q AND IQIO. 
The specimens of this species found in thistle were observed to 
always enter at the bases of the leading leaves at the summits of the . 
stalks, and to bore downward; the burrows at their lower extremities 
ending blindly. A Hollyhock stalk containing two larvae of this 
species were discovered, which had three entrance holes in it. The 
lowest of these was one foot from the ground, and the highest was 
four feet, two inches from the ground. All these openings were con- 
nected by one continuous burrow, which was three feet, five inches 
long. Both larvae measured at this time about one and one-fourth 
inches long. The burrow did not extend at all below the lowest 
hole, this showing that the larvae had, as is usual with Papaipema 
larvae, burrowed upward. 
General Observations. 
Larvae were placed upon various kinds of ground, and their 
movements watched for several hours, in many cases until many of 
the larvae stopped from exhaustion, and finally died without being 
allowed to enter the food-plant. These observations go to show that 
the larvae seldom, if ever, travel any considerable distance in a 
straight line from the place where they first hatch. 
In tracing the course of these larvae, 
and in measuring the distances trav- 
eled, the courses were marked out as 
they traveled along, by lime scattered 
onthe ground:-The caterpillar which oo eae pe aa 
made the best record in actual distance @bout 12 times. Original. 
traveled seventy-nine feet before ex- 
hausted, but when it finished its traveling it was only fourteen feet 
in actual distance from its starting-point, its course having been 
very irregular. Another larva traveled in actual distance fifty-six 
feet before being exhausted, but reached a distance of only sixteen 
and one-half feet from its starting-point. Still another traveled a 
total distance of fifty-five feet, and ended twenty-four feet from 
its starting-point, this being the farthest distance reached from the 
starting-point of which we have record. The larvae that made 
these records were practically full grown. See Fig. 42. 
Observations Made in Parks of Minneapolis and St. Paul. 
Several days were spent in examining flower-beds in parks of 
Minneapolis and St. Paul, all the principal parks being visited. In 
