INJURIOUS INSECTS OF I9Q09 AND IQIO. 123 
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THE MINNESOTA INSECT CHARTS. 
The Legislature of 1908 provided a fund of $3,500 for the 
preparation and distribution of a colored chart to the public schools 
of this state, under the direction of the State Entomologist. These 
were completed and distributed in the spring and summer of 1910; 
requests for them still reaching us. The chart is upon heavy, glazed 
paper, about 2 feet 101% inches by 3 feet 9 inches, mounted with 
metal rods above and below, and contains about sixty-four colored 
figures, illustrating in natural colors many of our common (and 
some uncommon) insects, a few useful birds, and some beneficial 
insects. Drawings were made either from museum or from living 
specimens, by Miss Wood, artist of the Division, who also did all 
the color-work. The engravers and printers have attained fine 
results, remarkably true to copy, and the finished chart is an ex- 
cellent example of what can be done with good brush work, the 
four-color process, and accurate and careful process work. The 
charts are fine enough to have called forth expressions of admira- 
tion and congratulations, not only from teachers and others in 
Minnesota, but also from many sources throughout the United 
States, the engraving company having sent samples of this work 
to many state institutions. 
Following the suggestion of Prof. Schulz, State Superintendent 
of Public Instruction, letters were sent to all county superintendents, 
requesting them to advise us as to how many charts were needed in 
their counties. The required numbers were then sent by express, 
and were distributed by the superintendents, many of whom gave 
explicit instructions to their teachers as to the proper care and use 
of the chart. The following short circular, published by Prof. 
Frederickson, and sent with the charts to his teachers, is well worth 
being made use of in other counties: 
Rules for Keeping and Using the Insect Charts. 
This insect Chart is the property of the school district. It should be 
well taken care of. When not in use it should be rolled up so the dust and 
light will not dim the colors. I will suggest that a piece of oil-cloth, a little 
longer than the width of the Chart and about ten inches wide, be hung back 
of the Chart, so that when it is rolled up the oil-cloth can be wrapped 
around it. 
The purpose of this Chart is to serve as a basis for teaching the pupils 
what insects are injurious to field and garden, and what can be done to 
exterminate them or lessen their number. Will suggest to the teachers that 
the study of one insect be taken up at a time, and give its life-history, its 
habits, what plants it feeds on and what may be done to destroy it. 
Teach the pupils what birds are beneficial and should not be destroyed. 
Lessons of this kind could be given once or twice a week. 
It is hoped the teachers will not regard this Chart simply as a curiosity, 
but use it as it was intended. W. D. FREDERICKSON, 
Co. Supt. of Schools. 
