bo 
oe) 
A Successful Method of Securing 
the Fertilization of Clover by 
Means of Bumble Bees, in Ex- 
periments with Bruchophagus 
funebris. 
At the very beginning of 
work on the life-history of 
Bruchophagus, we found it 
necessary to secure clover- 
seed properly fertilized, and 
yet immttne from insect at- 
tack. This, as we discovered, 
was a most difficult thing to ac- 
complish. For two years we 
tried in vain to do this by hand- 
pollination, the work being be- 
gun by Mr. Ruggles and con- 
tinued by Dr. Franklin. Natu- 
rally we were discouraged. I 
am happy to say, however, that 
this year, by the method de- 
scribed here, we have succeeded 
in this very essential principle, 
and have had no trouble in se- 
curing fertilized seed, suffering 
in no way from insect attack, 
and thus forming a basis for in- 
vestigations on the life-history 
of the insect in question. As 
stated above, the work was be- 
gun over two years ago by Mr. 
Ruggles, later joined by Dr. 
Franklin. We have recently 
added to our force, under the 
provisions of the Adams Act, 
INJURIOUS INSECTS OF I909 AND IQIO. 
‘uaa tis 
I 
sv TA 
Fig. 74. A mica lamp chimney show- 
ing method of inclosing cloverhead 
Urbahns. 
Mr. Theodore Urbahns, who is 
at present giving his entire time to this problem. Mr. Urbahns has 
invented a simple cage, which seems to answer the purpose for 
which it was intended excellently well. 
This cage 1s made with 
