INJURIOUS INSECTS OF I90Q AND IQIO. IAI 
and settlements where an abundance of moisture and filth were 
found; absence of screens on windows and doors, and dense igno- 
rance and indifference on the part of the miners. We could draw, 
from our visits, only one conclusion, that the typhoid fly was the 
agent for the spread of typhoid in that locality; as well as for the 
occurrence of a mild form of dysentery which appeared there in July 
and August. This dysentery appearing in mid-summer, at a time 
when the water supply was above suspicion, and differed from the 
water-caused dysentery (prevalent there in May, and directly trace- 
able to the water supply), by being mild, causing but little pain and 
nausea, and but little or no fever. Patients lost but little time from 
work. 
For the most part, health officials in the towns visited are 
doing all they can to better the conditions outlined above, and it 
must be borne in mind that the Iron Range is not the only locality 
where such conditions prevail. Outbreaks of this sort may and do 
occur wherever filthy conditions accompanied by ignorance and by 
house flies occur. We insert here a few illustrations emphasizing 
these conditions in the localities visited. It is encouraging, in this 
connection, to note the presence of splendid schools on the Iron 
Range, of night schools well patronized, and of a class of men who 
believe in the education and betterment of the conditions of the 
foreign population, for business reasons, even if not influenced by 
altruistic motives. 
