154 INJURIOUS INSECTS OF I909 AND IQIO. 
Soap: Ordinary soap is a valuable contact insecticide. 
Formula : 
1 Pound Ivory soap or other soap of known quality. 
14 Gallons of water. 
Boil the soap in five or six gallons of water until dissolved; 
dilute with water to 14 gallons and spray while still warm. It is 
recommended for plant lice, red spider, etc. 
SULFUR: 
Flowers of sulfur is often dusted on plants to prevent such dis- 
eases as the powdery mildews. 
TANGLEFOOT: Is a sticky material often used on trunks of 
trees, etc., to prevent caterpillars from crawling up to the leaves, or 
to prevent wingless females of some insects crawling up the trunk 
to lay their eggs. 
Tosacco: Tobacco is a very important contact insecticide. As 
a powder it is one of the best remedies for root-lice on trees. It 
may also be used in the form of dry stems applied in the same way 
as the dust. As a decoction of the stems, it may be used as a spray 
against plant lice. This decoction is also good for lice on cattle. 
Tobacco smoke, when generated in an enclosed space, kills numer- 
ous soft-bodied insects. There are several commercial forms of 
tobacco decoctions on the market, namely Nicotine and Nicofume, 
the latter very highly recommended by green house men for the 
green fly on lettuce. We have found it excellent for all kinds of 
plant lice. 
WHALE Oi Soar: This is a commercial product, and is a good 
contact insecticide, particularly for soft-bodied insects like plant lice 
-and slugs. 
Insects and Diseases. 
Apple. 
Coptinc Motu: ‘The larvae of this moth are the ones that 
make the most of our wormy apples. The larvae leave the apples 
in the fall and hibernate in cocoons, usually under loose bark of the 
trees. The adult lays eggs on the leaves or young fruit soon after 
the blossoms fall. Over ninety per cent. of the larvae find their 
way into the calyx end of the fruit. Here they eat their first big 
meal. Consequently if one can fill this calyx cup with a poison, 
practically all of the first generation of larvae will be killed, and the 
