170 INJURIOUS INSECTS OF I909 AND IQIO. 
necessary to remove danger of infection from this source. It is 
important in planting seed to be careful to get clean seed. 
WiLt—BacILLosE: The symptoms in the field are somewhat 
like those just given for internal brown rot. The leaves dry, and 
the stems and tubers become yellowish or black, exuding a soft, pus- 
like substance when broken. The disease is spread largely through 
the agency of insects, so it is especially important to guard against 
them. The same precautions regarding storage, soil and planting, 
which were mentioned under internal brown rot, applv here. 
CoMBINED TREATMENT FOR INSECT AND FuNcGus PESTS: 
Paris green and bordeaux mixture when plants are six inches high. 
Repeat at intervals of two weeks during the growing season. 
Radish. 
Maccot: This is a very hard insect to combat. The adult in- 
sect looks very much like a house fly. The eggs are laid on the 
soil near the base of the plant, or on the base itself. Early planting 
and excess of seed are the best preventives. But see article on page 55. 
CLus Root: (See Cabbage). 
WuiteE Rust: Upon radish leaves, especially in the green- 
house, smooth, white blisters may appear on the leaves. The flowers 
and pods may become swollen and otherwise misshapen. All re- 
fuse from diseased parts should be destroyed. 
Raspberry and Blackberry. 
ANTHRACNOSE: ‘This fungus produces on the young canes the 
familiar purplish spots. Later in the season the spots become gray- 
ish in the center, remaining purple around the border. As the 
spots increase in size, they may girdle the cane, eventually killing it 
on account of interference with the water supply. Leaf petioles, the 
veins of leaves and the leaf blades may also become infected. The 
berries produced by anthracnosed canes are usually small and dry, 
on account of their premature ripening. 
Raspberries should not be grown on the same soil more than 
three years if the disease is troublesome. The affected canes should 
be cut out and burned. Resin bordeaux may be applied early in the 
season, but, alone, it will not prevent the disease. 
Crown GALL: Crown gall is a bacterial disease, producing on 
