THE CYPRINODONTS. 97 



subquadrate in transsection, caudal and pedicel deep. Young are more 

 rounded and have not so much of massiveness in the snout. On large ones 

 the head is one third or more of the length to the caudal base. Snout broad, 

 blunt, rounded, one half longer than the eye. In a five inch specimen the 

 eye is two thirds of the snout, one half of the interorbital space, and one 

 fifth of the head. Mouth wide, lower jaw longer, upper protractile. Teeth 

 conical, in bands, outer series larger ; pharyngeal as in F. heteroclitus. Chin 

 steep. Dorsal origin little behind the middle of the total length, little in 

 front of that of anal. Pectorals reaching a vertical from base of ventrals. 

 Caudal deep, two thirds as long as head, rounded to subtruncate, sometimes 

 oblique, by reason of the lower half being longer. Oviduct apparently not 

 adherent to anal so long a distance as in F. heteroclitus. 



Most large individuals from the salt water are brownish with faint spots 

 of brown, thickly freckled with small spots of white or silver. The fins vary 

 from dark to light, more or less spotted with brown and with light color. 

 The ocellate spot of dorsal or of anal becomes indistinct or obsolete. Top 

 of head and back dark ; cheeks dark, sometimes bronzed. In cases that 

 retain the ocellus the dorsal may have several transverse series of light spots. 

 Anal uniform or spotted. Caudal marked with irregular transverse series of 

 small spots to uniform. A whitish margin to dorsal, caudal and anal is not 

 rare. Medium sizes from the sea have more of the silver color on the flank, 

 in cases arranged in narrow vertical bands. 



Young individuals from fresh water are rusty brownish, with little of the 

 silver, with numerous scattered small spots of brown, in cases forming longi- 

 tudinal series, in others vertical bands. Lower surfaces lighter, whitish under 

 the head. A black spot on the hinder rays of the dorsal is commonly pres- 

 ent; occasionally a similar one is found on the anal. Generally these spots 

 are edged by white. The spots along the middle of the side are usually 

 larger. The tail is spotted but rarely ; generally the fins are nearly uniform 

 light colored. Reaches six inches or more in length. 



Florida to Texas. 



Pundulus heteroclitus. 



Plate II. Fig. 2, teeth ; Plate VIII. Fig. 1, female. 



Cobitis heteroclita Linn., 1766, Syst., I, 500 ; Mull., 1774, Nat. Syst., IV, 285 ; Neuer Schauplatz der 

 Natur, 1775, I, 2S1; Bor., 1784, Nat. Abb. Fische, 125; Scliocpff, 1788, Schr. Ges. N. Fr., VIII, 171, 

 172 {Killjish, and TeUoio-bcllkd Cobler); Gmcl., 1789, Syst., I, 1352; Walb., 1792, Art. Gen. Pise, 11; 

 Donnd., 1798, Beytr., Ill, 581 ; Turt., 1806, Syst. Nat., I, 837. 



Cobitis macrolepidota Wulb., 1792, Art. Geu. Pise, 11 ; Donnd., 1798, Beytr., Ill, 582. 



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