vi 
Apple Aphis, Apple Leaf-hopper, Lilac Borers, Bronze Birch Borer, 
Plum Curculio, Elm Aphis, Pine tree insects, Oak Gall insects, ete. 
Basswoods in certain localities, notably at points about Lake 
Minnetonka, were badly infested in the spring and early summer 
of 1913 with Geometrid larvae or Measuring Worms,—in some 
cases the trees being almost defoliated. Subsequent developments 
proved this caterpillar to be the Fall Canker Worm, Alsophila pom- 
etaria. 
On November Ist, 1913, the Entomologist was at Lake Minne- 
tonka and observed thousands of the wingless female moths of this 
species ascending the trees which had suffered during the summer 
and under which the mature canker worms had entered the soil dur- 
ing June or July to pass the pupal or resting stage. On the above 
date, males were observed fluttering about the females and in the 
air, possibly in the proportion of about one male to every twenty 
females. Mating was in progress at the time. Many eggs had 
already been deposited. The lateness of the appearance of this 
insect was ail the more remarkable because we had had freezing 
weather for several days previous to November Ist. Upon Novem- 
ber 4th, the same conditions prevailed as on November Ist, and 
one property owner at the Lake, appreciating the warnings of the 
Entomologist, took vigorous measures to combat these pests upon 
the basswoods. Upon November 15th we found males and females 
alive in the midst of a light snow storm and temperature not far 
above freezing. Since that date, November 15 to December 1, 1913, 
remarkably mild weather prevailed and we predicted a serious 
attack upon the basswoods, locally, in the spring of 1914, unless 
prompt measures were taken in the spring or proper applications 
made to the eggs that winter. 
As anticipated, the spring of 1914 found us suffering from 
attacks of this same pest, increased a hundredfold over the num- 
bers of the preceding year. Elms were attacked as well as bass- 
woods, and fruit trees to a limited extent. Many appeals for help 
were sent this office, which were responded to as far as possible, 
though the Entomologist felt obliged to remind these parties that 
if the warning and directions for prevention published in the State 
Press several times by this Department in the summer and early 
fall, had been followed, their trees would have been preserved from 
injury. 
Trees defoliated in the spring of 1914, for the most part leaved 
out in midsummer, though the foliage was not as heavy as it would 
