SPRAYING IN MINNESOTA. 53 
sulphur to forty gallons of water. Into this weakened lime- 
sulphur, two pounds of arsenate of lead paste are placed. Only 
one pound of the powdered arsenate of lead is used for this 
amount. In each case, however, the “lead” must be thoroughly 
mixed with a small quantity of the liquid before placing it in the 
spray barrel. This, if a good agitation is present in the spraying 
outfit, insures an even spread of the insect-killing material. 
In some years, it often happens that from pressure of other 
work or from some other good reason, all the sprayings necessary 
for an orchard can not be given. If only one can be given, it 
should be the one just after the blossoms drop. This should 
be given in the most thorough way possible, thorough in its 
amount, in its covering quality, and its ability to force its way into 
the calyx cup of the fruit. 
If, on the other hand, only two sprayings can be given, the 
one just mentioned and the one as the flower buds begin to show 
signs of opening are the ones recommended. It must be remem- 
bered, however, that it more than pays to give the three sprayings. 
In our experience in spraying, over the State, a great deal of 
poor spraying has been seen. The material is put on the trees 
in a slovenly way; no attention is paid to the proper mixtures 
for the occasion and the spraying outfit is very often not fitted for 
the purpose. Spraying of this character is of very little value. 
The operator will very seldom get back any return for his money 
and will of course claim that spraying is not a paying operation. 
If any operation of the orchard requires careful thought and at- 
tention, spraying is one of them. 
