SUBFAMILY ACRIDINAE 67 
of posterior tarsi only about half as long as the first. Male cerci oblong 
and of nearly equal breadth throughout; subgenital plate strongly re- 
curved in male and with its apex deeply notched. Our species are all 
large or medium-sized insects of reddish coloration and are all capable 
of strong and well-sustained flight. They are in general more or less 
arboreal and for this reason are not commonly noted, although in some 
parts of the State two species at least are relatively numerous. Since 
these insects are at times more or less migratory, their exact range or 
area of distribution varies, and species, while plenty at a certain lo- 
cality at a given time, may not appear there again for long periods. 
The following characteristics will serve to distinguish our species: 
Antennae of males nearly or quite one- third (often one-half) longer than the 
head and pronotum together. 
Pronotum not tectate, or but feebly so in females; no light-colored dorsal 
stripe; metazona rugulose rubiginosa 
Pronotum always more or less distinctly tectate; a light-colored dorsal stripe 
always present; dorsum of metazona plane or nearly so in both sexes; hind 
tibiae not red alutacea 
Antennae of males hardly more (often less) than one and one-fourth times as 
long as the head and pronotum together ; large species, with male cerci tapering 
from base to apex americana 
Schistocerca rubiginosa Harris 
Schistocerca rubiginosa is closely similar in habits and structures 
to S. alutacea Harris and in fact, from our observations of this species 
in the field we are inclined to consider it rather a form of the latter 
than a true species. This belief is strengthened by the fact that there 
is, in the field, every possible intergradation between the two. The 
typical form with the flattened dorsum and with no light-colored dorsal 
stripe has been taken with S. alutacea at St. Paul Park, Mahtomedi, 
and Northfield, while Lugger (Third Ann. Rept. of Entomologist 
Minn. Exp. Sta. p. 174) has reported it indefinitely “from the wooded 
bluffs of the Mississippi River in the southeastern part of the State.”’ 
Schistocerca alutacea Harris 
Schistocerca alutacea is the largest of our Orthoptera, except only 
its congener, S. americana, and is to be found in areas of dry soil, ap- 
parently most abundantly where there are scattered trees, as along the 
banks of streams. At Gray Cloud Jsland, Winona, and other points 
in southeastern Minnesota it was very abundant during the fall of 
1912. It doubtless occurs throughout the southern part of the State in 
places offering its favored habitat. It is very active and easily 
alarmed and usually rises for rather long flights, frequently alighting 
amid the branches of trees or shrubs rather than on the ground. 
When in flight it makes a rustling sound, possibly comparable to the 
